FLOWERING PLANTS AND FERNS OF ARIZONA 655 



leaf and wild-carrot. It is reported that it is palatable to livestock 

 and that the Indians roasted and ate the large roots. 



26. LOMATIUM. x Biscuitroot, indianroot 



Plants perennial, with moniliform tubers or long taproots, acaul- 

 escent or short-caulescent, glabrous or pubescent; leaves ternately or 

 pinnately decompound, the segments filiform to ovate; peduncles 

 equaling or exceeding the leaves; umbels compound; involucre mostly 

 absent; bractlets of the involucel filiform to obovate, foliaceous to 

 subscarious, distinct to connate, rarely none; calyx teeth small; 

 corolla greenish white, yellow, or purple; stylopodium absent; fruit 

 ovate to linear, 4.5 to 15 mm. long, compressed dorsally, the lateral 

 wings present, the dorsal ribs absent or filiform, the wings thin, the 

 oil tubes small, 1 to several in the intervals, 2 to several on the com- 

 missure, the seed face slightly concave. 



Many of the species have edible roots that the Indians ate raw, 

 cooked, or ground into flour. The plants are grazed by livestock. 



Key to the species 



1. Plant with elongate moniliform tuberous roots; fruit narrowly oblong, 10 to 

 15 mm. long, 2 to 5 mm. wide, the wings less than half the width of the 



body; rays and pedicels strict, suberect 1. L. leptocarpum. 



1. Plants with more or less thickened, elongate taproots, sometimes with very 

 deep-seated tubers; fruit orbicular to broadly oblong, with broader wings; 

 rays and pedicels more spreading (2) . 

 2. Fruiting pedicels 10 to 17 mm. long; plant glabrous; leaf blades narrowly 



oblong, 10 to 20 cm. long; fruit oblong 5. L. parryi. 



2. Fruiting pedicels mostly less than 10 mm. long; plants more or less pubes- 

 cent; leaf blades broadly oblong to ovate, 5 to 15 cm. long; fruit subor- 

 bicular to oblong-obovate (3). 

 3. Involucel bractlets with a conspicuous scarious margin, never tomentose 



or villous; flowers white 2. L. nevadense. 



3. Involucel bractlets not conspicuously scarious-margined, more or less 

 tomentose or villous; flowers yellow or purple (4). 

 4. Plants more or less villous throughout; petioles shorter than the blades; 



flowers yellow or purplish-tinged 3. L. macdougali. 



4. Plants hoary-pubescent, never villous; petioles longer than the blades; 

 flowers purple 4. L. mohavexse. 



1. Lomatium leptocarpum (Xutt.) Coult. and Rose, Contrib. U. S. 



Natl. Herbarium 7: 213. 1900. 



Peucedanum leptocarpum Nutt. ex Torr. and Grav, Fl. North 

 Amer. 1: 626. 1840. 



Grand Canyon (Jones), abundant under pines in camp grounds on 

 the north rim of the Grand Canyon (Mathias 736). Northwestern 

 Colorado to northern Idaho, northern Arizona, and northeastern 

 California. 



2. Lomatium nevadense (S. Wats.) Coult. and Rose, Contrib. U. S. 



Natl. Herbarium 7: 220. 1900. 



Peucedanum nevadense S. Wats., Amer. Acad. Arts and Sci. 

 Proc. 11: 143. 1876. 



Yavapai, Gila, eastern Maricopa, and Pima Counties, 3,000 to 

 5,000 feet, mesas and rocky slopes. Western Utah to Oregon and 



1 Reference: Mathias, Mildred E. a revision of the genus lomatium. Mo. Bot. Gard. Ann. 25: 

 225-297. 1938. 



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