FLOWERING PLANTS AND FERNS OF ARIZONA 663 



above; flowers in terminal racemes or panicles; corolla urn-shaped, 

 white or pink, the lobes short; stamens 10; fruit berrylike, the surface 

 tessellate-warty. 



1. Arbutus arizonica (A. Gray) Sarg., Gard. and Forest 4: 317. 1891. 



Arbutus xalapensis H. B. K. var. arizonica A. Grav, Svn. Fl. 

 ed. 2, 2 1 : 396. 1886. 



Mountains of Graham, Cochise, and Pima Counties, 4,000 to 8,000 

 feet, often with live oaks, April to September. Southwestern New 

 Mexico, southeastern Arizona, and northern Mexico. 



Arizona madrono. 



7. ARCTOSTAPHYLOS. * Manzaxita 



Shrubs, large or small; leaves mostly alternate, thick, evergreen; 

 flowers in terminal racemes or panicles, much like those of Arbutus; 

 fruit globose, several-seeded, the surface (in the Arizona species) 

 smooth or nearly so. 



A. pungens and A. pringlei are characteristic plants of the chaparral 

 association in Arizona. The wood is very hard and the smooth, ma- 

 hogany-colored bark is distinctive. The plants are seldom browsed 

 except by goats. Birds, bears, and other animals eat the fruits, and 

 a delicious jelly can be made from the unripe fruits of A. pungens. 

 A. uva-ursi is employed for treating disorders of the urinary tract, 

 and it is reported that a decoction of the leaves of A. pungens has 

 been used locally in Arizona as a remedy for stomach trouble. 



Key to the species 



1. Plant with creeping, much-branched stems, forming large mats close to the 



ground; leaf blades spatulate, obtuse or retuse 1. A. uva-ursi. 



1. Plants large shrubs; stems normally erect or ascending, 1 m. long or longer; 



leaf blades elliptic, lanceolate, or ovate, exceptionally oblanceolate or 



obovate (2). 



2. Twigs, leaves, pedicels, and calyx glandular-pilose; ovary ('and often the 



mature fruit) pubescent; bracts commonly more than 3 mm. long, thin, 



often pink; leaf blades commonly rounded or subcordate at base. 



2. A. PRINGLEI. 



2. Twigs and leaves puberulent or subtomentose when young, then glabrate; 

 pedicels, calyx, and ovary glabrous, or the calyx ciliolate; bracts com- 

 monly only 2 to 3 mm. long, thickish, firm (3). 

 3. Leaf blades pale or bluish green, mostly elliptic or lanceolate, usually 

 acute or acutish and pungent at apex, commonly narrowed or sub- 

 cuneate at base, seldom more than 1.5 cm. wide; branches of the in- 

 florescence subtomentose, not glandular 3. A. PUXGEXS. 



3. Leaf blades bright green, broadly ovate or suborbicular, usually obtuse 

 or rounded at apex and rounded or truncate at base, commonly 2 to 

 3 cm. wide; branches of the inflorescence glandular-pubescent. 



4. A. patula. 



1. Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng., Syst. Veg. 2: 287. 1825. 



Arbutus uva-ursi L., Sp. PL 395. 1753. 



Included in the Arizona flora on the doubtful basis of a collection 

 labeled only "Arizona" (Palmer in 1869). Widely distributed in the 

 cooler parts of the Northern Hemisphere. Known as bearberry, 

 sandberry, and kinnikinnick. 



4 References: Eastwood. Alice, a revision of arctostaphylos. Leaflets West. Bot. 1: in.>-i_>7. l>«4. 

 Adams, J. E. a systematic study of the gems arctostaphylos Adans. Elisha 

 Mitchell Sci. Soc. Jour. 5G: 1-62. 1940. 



