FLOWERING PLANTS AND FERNS OF ARIZONA 989 



*4. Helenium autumnale L., Sp. PL 886. 1753. 



Hdenium montanum Nutt.. Amer. Phil. Soc. Trans, ser. 2, 7: 

 384. 1841. 



Reported as occurring in the Huachuca Mountains (Cochise County). 

 Eastern Canada to British Columbia, south to Florida, Texas, New 

 Mexico, and southeastern Arizona. 



5. Helenium arizonicum Blake, Wash. Acad. Sci. Jour. 27: 389. 1937. 

 Known only from southern Coconino County near Mormon Lake 

 {Tourney 681, the tvpe collection), and near Buck Springs (Collom 630), 

 7,000 to 7,500 feet; September. 



100. GAILLARDIA. Blaxketflower 



Annual or perennial herbs; leaves alternate, entire to pinnatifid; 

 heads solitary, radiate, showy, the rays yellow or partly purple, the 

 disk yellow or purple; receptacle with subulate or setiform fimbrillae; 

 achenes turbinate, 5-ribbed, villous at least at base; pappus of 5 to 10 

 scarious paleae, these often awned. 



Species of this genus are prized as ornamentals, the cultivated 

 gaillardias being derived mainly from G. pulchella. 



Key to the species 



1. Corolla teeth long-acuminate, tipped with a long awn or cusp; plant annual, 

 leafy-stemmed; lower leaves usually lobed, the upper ones mostly oblong- 

 lanceolate, entire; achenes densely silky-pilose on the lower half, but the 

 whole body concealed by the hairs; rays yellow toward the tip, purple at 

 base; disk purple; paleae of the pappus lanceolate, awn-pointed. 



1. G. PULCHELLA. 



1. Corolla teeth merely acute or obtuse, not tipped with an awn or cusp (2). 



2. Paleae of the pappus broadly oblong or oval, awnless or with an abrupt 

 awn shorter than the body of the palea; plants annual, scapose or sub- 

 scapose, with deeply pinnatifid or sometimes merely toothed leaves; 

 rays and disk yellow 2. G. arizoxica. 



2. Paleae of the pappus lanceolate, rather graduallv narrowed into an awn 

 (3). 



3. Leaves ovate or obovate, entire or subentire, 3-nerved; rays and 

 disk yellow; plant perennial, multicipital, scapose or subscapose. 



3. G. PARRYI. 



3. Leaves linear to lanceolate or rarely obovate, when broad always toothed 

 or lobed to pinnatifid; rays yellow, the disk purple; stem usually leafy. 



4. G. PIXXATIFIDA. 



1. Gaillardia pulchella Foug., [Paris] Acad. Sci. Mem. 1786: 5. 1788. 

 Graham. Pinal, and Cochise Counties, 4,000 to 5,000 feet, plains. 



May to September. Nebraska and Missouri to Louisiana, west to 

 Colorado and southeastern Arizona. Sometimes known as firewheel 

 and Indian-blanket. 



2. Gaillardia arizonica A. Gray, Syn. Fl. I 2 : 353. 1884. 



Gaillardia pedunculate A. Xels., Bot. Gaz. 47: 432. 1909. 



Mohave, Maricopa, and Pima Counties, 1,100 to 4,000 feet, plains 

 and mesas, February to July, type probably from Beaver Dam, 

 Mohave County. Southern Utah and southern Nevada to southern 

 Arizona. 



The var. pringlei (Rydb.) Blake (67. pringlei Rydb.. G. crinita 

 Rydb.), distinguished by the awned paleae of the pappus (these blunt 



