WHITE PINES ASIA: ARMAND AND KOREAN PINE 



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Jan Feb Mar Apr May Tun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 



Figure 4. Monthly distribution of precipitation in Korea. 



At many places within its range, site quality has been related to 

 combinations of soil and topographic characteristics such as texture and 

 thickness of the A- and B-horizons, topographic position, slope percentage 

 and aspect. The thickness of the A-horizon has the greatest influence on 

 the rate of growth. High total exchangeable bases and high content of 

 total nitrogen and organic matter also favor growth. However, within its 

 natural range, P. koraiensis is the dominant component only on west to 

 south facing slopes where the soil is relatively shallow and dry (Fig. 5) . 



In plantations, P. koraiensis is recommended for planting on slopes 

 not favorable for larch or fir due to the relatively shallow and dry soil 

 conditions. 



North of the 38° parallel, P. koraiensis grows at elevations above 

 300 m; in the middle part of Korea, around 36° to 38° parallel, it grows 

 in a band along the mountains between 600 m and 1,200 m above sea level. 

 South of the 36° parallel it grows in the mountains at elevations higher 

 than 700 m. However, P. koraiensis is being planted with good success 

 practically everywhere in South Korea above 100 m provided the soils have 

 not eroded and the drainage is good. 



