THE SCALE INSECT GENUS ASTEROLECANIUM 89 



row very close to margin and appearing almost as a second marginal row ; the 

 anterior 4 submedian pores slightly larger than the posterior ones, which are 

 the same size as marginal pores, submarginal pores very slightly larger than 

 marginal; disk pores between submarginal and marginal, and a few between 

 submarginal and submedian 8-shaped pores : a pair of minute setae close to 

 anterior pair of submedian pores. 



Ventral surface : Antenna] setae, I, 2 ; IV, 1 : V. : VI. 2 long, 2 stout. 2 

 fairly stout, and 2 slender ; bases of antennae one-fifth length of antenna apart ; 

 beak setae. 2 pairs apical, 1 pair basal: spiracle with 1 trilocular pore: leg 

 setae, coxa 4, femur 1 on inner margin near base and 1 each on inner and outer 

 margins near center, tarsus 2 on inner and 1 on outer margin ; tibia one-half 

 as long as tarsus : 6 pairs of submarginal 8-shaped pores, none between antennae: 

 usually 1 pair of submarginal minute setae near the third or fourth pair of 

 pores from the anterior end of marginal row of 8-shaped pores, rarely 1 or 2 

 rudimentary setae on abdomen. 2-4 submarginal larger setae at anterior end ; 

 4 or 5 setae between antennae and mouth parts. 



Apex of abdomen : Notch present ; setae, apical 125 /x long, interapical 5.4 p 

 long, dorsal 3.6 ft long (anterior to interapical), inner ventral 7.2-9 fi long, inter- 

 mediate ventral 5.4 y. long, outer ventral 5.4 /j. long ; anal ring with 6 setae 28-30 

 M long, and with an inner row of 6 and an outer row of 12 pores. 



Data. — Redeseribed from unmounted material and the following 

 mounted specimens: Ten females on Euryops tenuissimus, Tarkastad. 

 Cape Province. South Africa. C. P. Lounsbury. 1898. Brain No. 20. type 

 and paratypes: 2 females and 21 larvae. South Africa, from Collection 

 of C. K. Brain, received from E. E. Green in 1934; 5 females and 14 

 larvae, on Euryops sp.. Tarkastad. Cape Province. South Africa, from 

 H. K. Munro. received in 1938. 



This species differs from all except brevispinwm in having a poorly 

 denned row of marginal 8-shaped pores, in having the majority of 

 the marginal and dorsal 8-shaped pores conspicuously invaginated. 

 and in lacking a ventral submarginal row of setae, In the larval stage 

 it is difficult to determine whether the pores described as dorsal sub- 

 marginal should be considered so or as a second marginal row. It is 

 the only species where a well defined row of ventral submarginal setae 

 has not been observed in the larva, and where the setae which are 

 j:>resent are so variable in number. 



As indicated by Fuller {38. p. 94) and Brain 1 12. pp. 113-114 ) . tests 

 of euryopis. when unrubbed. are striking owing to the dense covering 

 of waxy filaments. Fuller recommended infesting the Harpuis 

 Bosch {Euryops tenmsstrrms) with this insect in order to check the 

 spread of that plant {38. pp. 93-95) . 



Asterolecanium exiguum Green 



(Fig. 23, K-N; fig. 24, A-D ; pi. 8, S) 



Described in 1909 {4:2. p. 315). 



Habit. — Living on the lower surface of leaves. 



Test of female. — Longer than wide, anterior two-thirds broad, posterior third 

 strongly narrowed: 0.S5-1.10 mm. long. 0.8-0.4 wide: strongly convex dorsally 

 on anterior two-thirds, slightly so on posterior third, flat ventrally; brownish 

 yellow, transparent, rather thin, shiny: marginal and dorsal filaments whitish, 

 fragmentary, a few dorsal ones along each side of median line, and - in sub- 

 marginal area close to posterior end. the latter as long as width of test ai that 

 point; circular larval exit in ventral surface at margin. 



Adult female. — Shape similar to that of tost. 0.8 mm. lone. 0.4 wide. 



Margin: 8-shaped pores in a single row terminating around twice length of 

 apical seta from bases of setae, the posterior pores 4-.» a long and 2-3 wide, the 

 others 6 \x long and 4 wide, usually a pore's length apart ai posterior end, a 

 pore's width apart elsewhere. 



