THE SCALE INSECT GENUS ASTEROLECANIUM 107 



Larva, — Elliptical. 



Margin: With 28 8-shaped pores, axes of all longitudinal; 2 pair- of setae at 

 anterior end. 



Dorsal surface : 8-shaped pores in a submedian and a lateral row of 8 or It each, 

 on each half of body, the submedian pores usually varying in size, some heing 

 nearly or quite as large as the marginal pores, others, like The lateral pores, only 

 about as long as the marginal pores are wide ; a few disk pores posteriorly. 



Ventral surface: Antennal setae. I. 1: IV, 1; V, 0; VI, 2 long, 2 stout. '1 fairly 

 stout, 2 slender: antennal liases nearly two-thirds length of antenna apart; beak 

 setae. 2 pairs apical: anterior spiracle with 1 trilocular and 1 quinqueloeular 

 pore, posterior spiracle with 1 trilocular pore; leg: seme, coxa 3. femur 1 on inner 

 margin near base, tarsus 1 each on inner and outer margins: tibia one-fourth as 

 long as tarsus: 9 pairs of submarginal 8-shaped pores; apparently 7 pairs <,f 

 submarginal minute setae posterior to posterior spiracles, 1 pair of submarginal 

 larger setae at anterior end : 3 pairs of setae between antennae and mouth parts. 



Apex of abdomen: Slightly concave, lobes barely indicated: setae, apical 32 /x 

 long, interapical 3.6 \i long, outer ventral 2 m long ; anal opening in margin, circu- 

 lar : anal tube short, bulbous, sclerotized : anal ring heavily sclerotized. with 2 

 setae 1-2 u long either on ring or in tube close to ring. 



Data. — Described from the following material: One test. 2 mounted 

 females, and 2 mounted larvae on Pasania brevicaudata, Horisha, 

 Xanto province. Taiwan (Formosa). E. H. Wilson. March 9. 1918, 

 U. S. X. H.. holotype and paratypes: unmounted material. 25 mounted 

 females, and 33 mounted larvae on Lithocarpus sp., Suisha, Taiwan 

 (Formosa). R. Takahashi, June 11. 1933. paratypes: unmounted ma- 

 terial. 7 mounted females, and 10 larvae on Lithocarpus sp.. Shinten. 

 Taiwan (Formosa). R. Takahashi, March 21. 1938. paratypes. 



This species has an unusually large variation in the number of 

 marginal quinqueloeular pores. There is a tendency for insects re- 

 moved from the dorsal surface of leaves to have many marginal quin- 

 queloeular pores and no dorsal 8-shaped pores, and for those from the 

 lower surface to have few or no marginal quinqueloeular pores and 

 some dorsal 8-shaped pores. So much variation occurs with respect 

 to each of these characters, however, that it seems unwise to segre- 

 gate the two forms on a specific or varietal basis. Larvae of horishae 

 are unusual in having the dorsal 8-shaped pores differino- conspicuously 

 in size in different specimens ; this seems to be typical of the species, 

 however, because specimens with all the pores small, or some small 

 and some large, have been removed from a single test. 



Asterolecanium ilicicola Targioni-Tozzetti 



(Fig. 31. H-Nj pi. 1. F) 



Described in 1888 (97, pp. lfl&-lfij(), and discussed further by 

 Targioni-Tozzetti in 1892 (98, pp. %85-295, 311-312). 



AsteroUcarwwm Uicis, described by Xewstead in 1897 (75. p. 100) 

 as Planchonia Uicis on "scrub" from Constantine. Algeria, was listed 

 as a synonym of variolosum by Lindinger in 1912 (61, pp. 280, 360), 

 but has been accepted as a valid species by some authors, including 

 Balachowsky (.?. p. xxiv). Xewstead stated that Uicis was closely 

 related to ilicicola, but that the two could be differentiated by the 

 absence of a marginal fringe from the tests of the former and the 

 presence of such a fringe oii" those of the latter. This is not satisfac- 

 tory for separating the two forms. Xewstead did not compare the 

 morphological characters of these species, and type material of Uicis 

 has not been available to the writer. Specimen- on Quercus from 

 Constantine, Algeria, have been studied, however, ami have been found 



