THE SCALE INSECT GENUS ASTEROLECANIUM 139 



8-shaped pores, usually irregularly double but sometimes single or triple for 

 a few pores, interrupted at each antenna but continued between them, usually 

 arranged in groups placed at short intervals from one another, so that there 

 are 1-4 opposite some marginal 8-sbaped pores and none opposite others ; 1 or 

 2 disk pores in 1. or in each, spiracular row of quinquelocular pores, 1-5 in 

 each complete row of multilocular pores, 3-8 in a transverse row anterior to 

 anterior complete row of multilocular pores, and sometimes 2 or 3 in a second 

 transverse row farther anteriorly; submarginal setae in a complete row termi- 

 nating near the penultimate pair of marginal 8-shaped pores ; 1 pair of setae 

 in each complete row of multilocular p 



Apex of abdomen: Lobes sometimes barely indicated: setae, apical 76 /j. long, 

 interapical 32 /j. long, dorsal 24 a long, inner ventral 6 /j. long, intermediate 

 ventral 7-8 fi long, outer ventral 9-10 fx long; anal ring with 6 setae 72 /j. long 

 and apparently with around 30 pores: ventral surface heavily sclerotized near 

 inner ventral setae, surrounding area slightly sclerotized in dentate rows. 



Larva. — Somewhat ovoid. 



Margin : With 28 8-shaped pores, the posterior 6 pairs usually slightly smaller 

 than the others and with their axes transverse, axes of the others longitudinal ; 

 a minute seta close to each pore of the posterior 3 pairs (sometimes only 2 setae 

 on 1 side of body) ; 4 pairs of setae anteriorly. 



Dorsal surface: 8-shaped pores usually in a submedian row of 10 on each 

 half of body, as large as. or very slightly larger than, marginal pores of same 

 segments ; disk pores fairly close to marginal 8-shapcd pores and 1-3 rather near 

 dorsal 8-shaped pores ; a pair of small setae close to anterior pair of 8-shaped 

 pores. 



Ventral surface : Antennal setae. I. 2 ; IV, 1 ; V. 1 : VI. 2 long, 2 stout, 3 

 fairly stout. 2 slender: antennal bases about one-third length of antenna apart; 

 beak setae. 2 pairs apical. 1 pair basal; spiracle usually with 1 trilocular but 

 sometimes with 1 quinquelocular pore; leg setae, coxa 4, femur 1 on inner margin 

 near base and 1 each on inner and outer margins near center: tarsus 2 on inner 

 and 1 on outer margin : tibia around one-half as long as tarsus : usually 6 but 

 sometimes only 5 pairs of submarginal 8-shaped pores, none between antennae; 

 11 pairs of minute submarginal setae, on abdomen, thorax, and bead, anterior 

 setae slightly but not conspicuously longer than the others ; 3 pairs of setae 

 between antennae and mouth parts. 



Apex of abdomen : Setae, apical apparently 100-108 p. long, interapical 23.4-27 /x. 

 long, dorsal 5.4 u long, inner ventral 5 4-7.2 u long, intermediate ventral 9 ac 

 long, outer ventral 9-12.6 /j. long ; anal ring with 6 setae 28-32 u long and with 

 an inner row of 6 and an outer one of 14 pores ; ventral surface of apex faintly 

 sclerotized on margin. 



Data. — Redescribed from unmounted material. 4 mounted females, 

 and 29 mounted larvae on Thymus Jt^rti's. Mulhacen, Sierra Nevada. 

 Andalusia. Spain. A. Balachovwsky, August 10. 1934. type. 



Closely resembling arabidis and stentae. but differing from those in 

 having fewer marginal and spiracular quinquelocular pores and also 

 fewer submarginal 8-shaped pores. It differs further from arabidis 

 in having fewer multilocular and dark-rimmed 8-shaped pores and 

 shorter apical setae, and from stentae in having multilocular pores 

 anterior to the posterior spiracles. Larvae of nevadense differ from 

 those of arabidis and stentae in having 1, instead of 2, pores near each 

 spiracle, and 10 or 12, instead of 14. submarginal 8-shaped pores. The 

 occurrence of either 10 or 12 submarginal 8-shaped pores is most un- 

 usual, but there can be no doubt about the variation, all specimens 

 being in excellent condition for critical study. 



ASTEROLECANIUM NITIDUM, new species 



(Fig. 44, G-J>; pi. G, P) 



Habit. — Living on the lower surface of leaves. 



Test of female. — Somewhat ovoid. 1.6-2 mm. long. 1.25-1.5 wide; practically 

 flat dorsally, with a small longitudinal median carina; flat ventrally; pale green- 

 ish yellow, transparent, thin, shiny, punctate; marginal filaments rubbed off; 

 circular larval exit in dorsal surface at margin. 



