THE SCALE INSECT GENUS ASTEROLECANIUM 159 



Habit. — Living on stems. 



Test of female. — Elongate, posterior third tapering, posterior end sometimes 

 slightly upturned; 1.25-1.5 mm. long. 0.4 wide; convex dorsally, without or 

 with faint transverse striations, flat ventrally; greenish or very pale yellow 

 transparent, thin, shiny; marginal filaments very pale pinkish, not observed Dear 

 posterior end. slightly longer at anterior end than elsewhere; dorsal filaments 

 not observed; elliptical larval exit in ventral surface at margin. 



Adult female. — In shape similar to test, 1-1.25 mm. long, 0.3 wide. 



Margin: 8-shaped pores in a single row terminating near posterior fourth of 

 body (around three times the length of an apical seta from setal bases), the 

 posterior pores 5-0 /x long and 3 wide, the others 7-8 p. long and 4.5 wide, usually 

 about a pore's length apart ; quinquelocular pores in a single row beginning 

 closer to antennae than to anterior spiracles and extending to a point 6-12 8-shaped 

 pores from the posterior pair of those pores, as numerous as corresponding 

 8-shaped pores near ends of row, usually one and a half times as numerous as 

 that elsewhere. 



Dorsal surface : 8-shaped pores absent or 1-3 present along median line usually, 

 but rarely slightly more numerous, the pores 10-14 fi long and 6-8 wide; minute 

 8-shaped pores fairly numerous ; disk pores rather sparse ; tubular ducts 28 fx long ; 

 dorsal tubes present. 



Ventral surface : Antenna short, with 2 setae longer than diameter of antenna ; 

 beak without setae: spiracular bar rather short and wide, only fairly well 

 defined ; 6-9 quinquelocular pores extending from spiracle to body margin in 

 a single row; 2 quinquelocular pores posterior to genital opening; 2 or 3 dark- 

 rimmed 8-shaped pores each side of beak, 1 or 2 on anterior end, and a few 

 arranged in 2 or 3 transverse rows near posterior end of abdomen; submarginal 

 8-shaped pores in a single row terminating near genital opening, half as numerous 

 as marginal 8-shaped pores; 5 pairs of submarginal setae on abdomen, the 

 posterior pair about length of an apical seta from bases of apical setae ; 1 pair 

 of setae posterior, and 1 pair anterior, to genital opening. 



Apex of abdomen : Notch present ; lobes barely indicated ; setae, apical 52 fx 

 long, interapical 8 //. long, inner and outer ventral each 5 2 ll long; anal ring with 

 6 setae 28-32 fx long, with an inner row of 6 and an outer row of apparently 12 

 or 14 pores, tending toward division on dorsal side; ventral surface of apex 

 lightly sclerotized and rugose. 



Second .stage. — Resembling adult female, but smaller; margin without 8-shaped 

 or quinquelocular pores: dorsal surface with 1 or 2 large median 8-shaped pores 

 at one or each end of body; ventral surface with 2 or 3 quinquelocular pores near 

 each spiracle ; apex of abdomen as in adult but all setae around one-sixth shorter. 



Larva. — Elongate elliptical. 



Margin: With 28 8-shaped pores, the posterior pair slightly larger than 

 penultimate and penultimate pair slightly larger than first pair anterior to it, 

 the next 3 pairs about as large as penultimate, the next 7 about same size as 

 posterior pair, which are a little smaller than anterior pair: axes of the posterior 

 6 rairs diagonal, of the others longitudinal; 2 pairs of setae anteriorly. 



D usal surface: 8-shaped pores in a submedian row of 11 on each half of 

 body, the anterior 2 pores slightly larger than the others, all about one-sixth 

 larger than marginal pores of same segments; disk pores in lateral area. 



Ventral surface: Antenna! setae. I, 1 ; IV, 1 : V. 1 : VI, 2 long. 2 stout, 3 fairly 

 stout. 1 slender; antennal bases one-half length of antenna apart; beak setae, 

 2 pairs apical, 1 pair median: anterior spiracle with 1 trilocular pore, posterior 

 spiracle with 1 trilocular and 1 quinquelocular pore; leg setae, coxa 4, femur 1 

 on inner margin near base and 1 on outer margin near center, tarsus 2 on inner 

 and 1 on outer margin; tibia two-thirds as long as tarsus; 9 pairs of submarginal 

 S-shaped pores; 6 pairs of submarginal minute setae on abdomen, 1 pair of 

 submarginal larger setae at anterior end; 2 pairs of setae between antennae and 

 mouth parts. 



Apex of abdomen: Setae, apical 27 /x long, interapical 7.2 p long, inner and 

 outer ventral each 3.6 /x long; anal ring with. 6 setae, each 10 u long and with 4 

 pores in specimens in which these can be counted accurately, but apparently 

 sometimes with 2 in an inner row and (5 in an outer row, divided on dorsal side. 



Test of male. — Elongate, slightly narrowed at posterior end. a notch in posterior 

 margin: 0.9-1.10 mm. long, 0.3-0.4 wide: strongly convex dorsally. with a faint 

 longitudinal median carina and usually with a few faint transverse striations near 

 posterior e^d : fiat ventrally: pale greenish yellow, transparent, thin, smooth: 

 marginal filaments whitish, slightly longer at anterior end than elsewhere. 



Adult male. — 1 mm. long. 



