THE SCALE INSECT GENUS ASTEROLECANIUM 101 



i Habit. — Living on the lower surface of leaves. 



Test of female — Elongate, anterior half widest, tapering sharply near pos 

 terior end. often indented by growth against hairs on leaf. 0.JML25 mm. long, 

 0.4-0.r> wide: slightly convex dorsally, without or with a faint longitudinal 

 median carina: flat ventrally ; greenish, very pale yellow, or nearly colorless, 



i transparent, very thin, finely punctate; marginal filaments whitish or colorless, 

 sligh ly longer at anterior end of test than elsewhere; dorsal filaments whitish, 

 in a submarginal row of 10-25, none to 10 in a median row. and occasionally 

 1-4 in lateral area, usually not more than 10 in submarginal and 8 in median 

 row. about twice length of marginal filaments; larval exit irregular, in margin. 



Adult f email.- — In shape similar to test. 0.7-1.2 mm. long and 0.3-0.4 wide. 



Margin: 8-shaped pores. 7-8 y. long and 4 wide, in a single row terminating 

 one-half length to nearly the length of an apical seta from se.al bases, the inter- 

 vals between pores ranging from the width of a pore to twice its length; 2-13 

 quinquelocular pores near point where each splracular pore band reaches mar- 

 gin, the rows not meeting between anterior and posterior spiracular pore bands; 

 disk pores dorsad of 8-shaped pores and much less numerous, terminating at or 

 near the posterior pair of 8-shaped pores, irregularly spaced. 



Dorsal surface: 8-shaped pores in a submarginal row of 10-28. none to 10 

 in a median row. and occasionally 1—1 in lateral area, 9-11 p. long and 6-7 

 wide: minute 8-shaped and disk pores fairly numerous: tubular duets 26 fx 

 long: dorsal tubes present. 



Ventral surface: Antenna a circular disk having 2 setae slightly longer 

 than its diameter; beak without setae: spiracular bar fairly slender, sometimes 

 slightly expanded at inner end: 8-14 quinquelocular pores extending from 

 spiracle to body margin in an irregularly single row: 1-3 dark-rimmed 8-shaped 

 lores each side of beak, a few scattered on anterior end, a few arranged in 

 a longitudinal row in lateral area, and others in 3 transverse rows of 2-4 pores 

 each in genital area: submarginal 8-shaped pores in a single row terminating 

 near posterior pair of marginal 8-shaped pores or slightly anterior to that point, 

 one-half as numerous as marginal 8-shaped pores: 6 pairs of submarginal setae 

 en abdomen, the posterior pair near the posterior or penultimate pair of 

 marginal 8-shaped pores; 1 pair of setae posterior to genital orjening, 1 pair 

 anterior to opening, and 1 pair anterior to those. 



Apex of abdomen; Notch present; lobes sometimes indicated: setae, apical 

 48-56 m long, interapical 9-12 /x long, inner ventral 4-6 [i long, outer ventral S ll 

 long; anal ring with 6 setae 28 /j. long and with an inner row of 6 and an outer 

 row of 14 pores, divided on dorsal and ventral sides. 



Second stage. — Resembling adult but smaller and more slender, sides nearly 

 parallel, tapering near posterior end: margin with 8-shaped pores closer together 

 than in adult, without quinquelocular pores: dorsal surface with 1 8-shaped 

 pore on median line at posterior end and occasionally with 1 at anterior end 

 also: ventral surface with 1 or 2 quinquelocular pores between each spiracle 

 and body margin; apex of abdomen as in adult, but all setae one-third or 

 one-fourth shorter. 



Larva. — Elliptical. 



Margin: With 2S 8-shaped pores, anterior pair slightly larger than the others, 

 axes of all longitudinal, or axes of the posterior 4 or 5 pairs slightly diagonal ; 

 3 pairs of setae at anterior end. 



Dorsal surface: 8-shaped pores in a submedian row of 5-8 on each half of 

 body, and a total of 12-16. anterior pore larger than the others and about 

 cne-fourth smaller than a marginal pore; disk pores in lateral area. 



Ventral surface: Antenna! setae. I, 1; IV. 1: V. 1; VI. 2 long. 2 stout. 3 

 fairly stout. 1 slender: distance between antennal bases about one-half length of 

 antenna; beak setae. 2 pairs apical. 1 pair median; anterior spiracle with 1 

 trilocular pore, posterior spiracle with 1 trilocular and 1 quinquelocular pore: 

 leg setae, coxa 4, femur 1 on inner margin near base and 1 each on inner and 

 (•titer margins near center, tarsus 2 on inner and 1 on outer margin: tibia 

 live-sixths as long as tarsus: 9 pairs of submarginal 8-shaped pores; pairs 

 of submarginal minute setae on abdomen. 2 pairs of submarginal larger setae 

 at anterior end; l pair of setae between antennae and mouth parts. 



Apex of abdomen: Notch present; setae, apical 27-30 u long, interapical 

 7. '1 ix long, inner ventral 2.8-3.6 u long, outer ventral 3.0 u long; anal ring with 

 6 setae 12.6 m long and with an inner row of and an outer one of 10 pores, divided 

 OD dorsal side and tending toward division on ventral. 

 286720 it it 



