from low winter temperatures in northeastern 

 Louisiana. Prolonged periods of low tempera- 

 ture under dry conditions appear to cause some 

 mortality of hibernating weevils in surface 

 ground trash, but these conditions rarely occur 

 in the area. The winter's lowest temperatures 

 are usually accompanied by snow, which serves 

 as a protecting blanket. 



162. Stephens, S. G., and Lee, H. S. Fur- 

 ther studies on the feeding and oviposition 

 preferences of the boll weevil (Anthonomus 

 grandis). Jour. Econ. Ent. 54: 1085-1090. 

 1961. 



Weevils did not discriminate between flower- 

 buds of red and other strains of cotton in the 

 laboratory. In similar tests they preferred nor- 

 mal to glandless buds and nonhairy either 

 glandless or normal to hairy either glandless 

 or normal. 



In a field test a standard Upland variety and 

 three mutant strains, hairy, hairy-glandless, 

 and hairy-glandless-red, were compared. All 

 hairy strains received less damage than the 

 standard Upland. Weevils did not discriminate 

 between hairy and hairy-glandless types. Data 

 on the hairy-glandless-red type were incom- 

 plete, but they suggested that the red character 

 might increase resistance to attack. 



Resistance associated with hairiness could 

 be separated into two categories — mechanical 

 and presumed antibiotic effects. 



163. Sterling, W. L., and others. A cotton- 

 seed-meal diet for laboratory cultures of the 

 boll weevil. Jour. Econ. Ent. 58: 867-869. 

 1965. 



S. G. Wellso, P. L. Adkisson, and H. W. 

 Dorough, joint authors. 



Adults reared on a cottonseed-meal diet 

 emerged sooner and over a shorter period, were 

 heavier, lived longer, and females produced 

 more eggs than weevils reared under similar 

 conditions on a cottonleaf-meal diet. The cot- 

 tonseed meal is available from commercial 

 sources and is less expensive than the cottonleaf 

 meal. 



164. SUNDMAN, J. A., and King, D. R. Mor- 

 phological, histological, and histochemical stud- 

 ies of the alimentary canal and Malpighian 

 tubes of the adult boll weevil, Anthonomus 

 grandis. Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 57: 89-95. 

 1964. 



The alimentary canal of the boll weevil begins 

 in the head-capsule proper. The frontal gang- 

 lion is situated ventral to the frontal fovea, 

 which is approached by the anterior tentorial 

 arms. The dorsal surface of the snout is com- 

 posed principally of the clypeus. Studlike pro- 

 jections on the anterior, saclike portion of the 

 ventriculus are "diverticula," which probably 

 regenerate epithelial cells. Caeca, arranged in 

 two opposed rows, are found on the posterior, 

 tubular portion of the ventriculus. The peri- 

 trophic membrane appears to be secreted in this 



portion of the ventriculus. The Malpighian 

 tubes enter into a cryptonephridial arrange- 

 ment. There is an abundance of PA/S-positive 

 materials in the alimentary canal. Glycogen is 

 present mainly in the muscles associated with 

 the alimentary canal and in the epithelium of 

 the hindgut. Certain structures in the alimen- 

 tary canal (e.g., the Stutzlamelle and the peri- 

 trophic membrane) give both PA/S- and alcian 

 blue-positive reactions. This may be due to the 

 location of PA/S- and alcian blue-positive sub- 

 stances in the same sites, or, in part, to a re- 

 action of alcian blue with nonacidic, PA/S- 

 positive materials. Chitinous structures in the 

 alimentary canal did not react or reacted very 

 little with alcian blue. 



165. Taft, H. M., and Agee, H. R. A mark- 

 ing and recovery method for use in boll weevil 

 movement studies. Jour. Econ. Ent. 55 : 1018- 

 1019. 1962. 



An invisible green fluorescent powder used in 

 crime detection and a portable black light were 

 used in a method developed for marking and 

 recovery of boll weevils released in movement 

 studies. Marked weevils were readily detected 

 by gross examination in the release area after 



166. Taft, H. M„ and Hopkins, A. R. A 

 community effort in boll weevil control. U.S. 

 Agr. Res. Serv. ARS 33-82, 15 pp. 1963. 



Data showed that the early-season commu- 

 nity-wide boll weevil control program held wee- 

 vil populations to very low levels during the 

 application period and below the 10-percent 

 punctured-square level for 3 to 5 weeks there- 

 after. Thus, mass migration usually resulting 

 from the emergence of the F 2 generation will 

 not occur in populations when fields have re- 

 ceived effective early-season applications of in- 

 secticide and four or more late-season applica- 

 tions, beginning when the infestation reaches 

 approximately 3 to 5 percent. 



The greatest economic returns will be gained 

 only if other necessary production practices are 

 followed. An early-season insecticide program 

 followed by a series of effective late-season ap- 

 plications will materially reduce the numbers 

 of weevils entering hibernation and surviving 

 within the treatment area. 



Complete control with available materials 

 and equipment is extremely difficult. But the 

 number of weevils can be reduced to levels at 

 which other approaches to control, such as the 

 sterile-male-release technique or plant resist- 

 ance, could be used effectively to further re- 

 duce or to decimate the population. 



The success of the early-season community- 

 control program should encourage other similar 

 groups to consider this approach to boll weevil 

 control. 



167. Taft, H. M., Hopkins. A. R., and 

 James, W. Differences in reproductive poten- 

 tial, feeding rate, and longevity of boll weevils 



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