apart from south to north. The time of entry 

 into diapause was related to the maturity of the 

 cotton plant. When the season was late and the 

 plants remained in an active growing condition, 

 diapause developed later. The sex ratio of 

 weevils collected from growing plants was 1.2 

 males to 1 female, and the ratio for those re- 

 moved from hibernation sites was 1.6 to 1. 

 Hibernating weevils were consistently heavier 

 than those collected from plants during the sea- 

 son. The fat content increased and the per- 

 centage moisture decreased in weevils as they 

 began to enter diapause. The fat content of 

 weevils in hibernation remained rather stable. 

 Weevils mated in the field as late as November 

 14, and females contained eggs in their bodies 

 on this date. Adults remained in the field and 

 fed on green bolls after a temperature of 25° F. 

 Some mating occurs in the fall that enables fe- 

 males to lay fertile eggs in the spring without 

 spring mating. 



9. Beckham, C. M. Seasonal occurrence of 

 hibernation in the boll weevil. Ga. Agr. Expt. 

 Sta. Mimeo. Ser. (n.s.) 164, 9 pp. 1963. 



Periodic collection and examination of sur- 

 face ground trash from woods adjacent to old 

 cottonfields in the southwestern and north-cen- 

 tral parts of the State were made to determine 

 the earliest date when the weevils enter hiber- 

 nation in summer and when they have all 

 emerged from winter quarters in the spring. In 

 southwestern Georgia, the earliest date on which 

 weevils were found in hibernation in the autumn 

 was October 20, and the latest in spring was 

 May 14. In north-central Georgia, the respective 

 dates were September 14 and June 18. The time 

 when weevils entered hibernation varied from 

 year to year, apparently being related to tem- 

 perature and the maturity of the cotton plants 

 in a given field. Weevils were found in hiberna- 

 tion in the late summer after several consecu- 

 tive days when the minimum temperature was 

 about 50° F. Weevils were found in hibernation 

 in all months of the year except July and 

 August. The sex ratio of the weevils removed 

 from hibernation was 1.6 males to each female. 



10. Beckham, C. M. Time of day boll 

 weevils emerge from fallen cotton squares. Ga. 

 Agr. Expt. Sta. Mimeo. Ser. 174, 8 pp. 1963. 



Since it was known from earlier reports that 

 2-day-old square-reared weevils are 50 or more 

 times more susceptible to insecticides than older 

 ones, information on the specific time of emer- 

 gence of weevils can be helpful in timing the 

 insecticide application for most effective results. 

 Present observations show that emergence oc- 

 curred between 9 and 11 a.m.: at night the 

 emergence was negligible. Most weevils emerged 

 when temperature about 1 inch above soil sur- 

 face reached 80° F. It is concluded that the 

 v/eevils have a 24-hour rhythm of adult emer- 

 gence and that it is temperature-dependent. 



11. Beroza, M., and Green, N. Materials 

 tested as insect attractants. U.S. Dept. Agr. 

 Handb. 239, 148 pp. 1963. 



Results are given of screening tests with 

 4,868 compounds on 10 insects, including the 

 boll weevil. All compounds were not tested 

 against each insect. Work on the boll weevil 

 was done by J. M. McGough. 



12. Black, J. H., and Leigh, T. F. Biology 

 of boll weevil in relation to cotton type. Jour. 

 Econ. Ent. 56: 789-790. 1963. 



Life history of the boll weevil was investi- 

 gated on five cotton types to determine if genetic 

 type influenced the developmental stages, adult 

 size, and feeding and egg-laying habits. Gossyp- 

 ium barbadense received the greatest number 

 of feeding punctures, and Hopi (race of G. 

 hirsutum) the greatest number of egg punc- 

 tures. Survival, indicated by percentage emer- 

 gence, was significantly lower from G. herba- 

 ceum than from other types tested. There was a 

 correlation of square size to weevil size from 

 G. barbadense and G. arboreum. 



13. Bottger, G. T., and others. Recent re- 

 search on the boll weevil in northern Sonora, 

 Mexico, and the thurberia weevil in Arizona. 

 Jour. Econ. Ent. 57: 286-290. 1964. 



W. H. Cross, W. E. Gunderson, and G. P. 

 Wene, joint authors. 



In 1962 research was begun in northern 

 Sonora, Mexico, to determine the amount of 

 damage caused by boll weevils occurring in 

 cottonfields as near as 27 miles to fields in 

 Arizona. This involved establishment of eco- 

 logical relationships among boll weevil popula- 

 tions in Sonora, in the old infested areas of the 

 United States, and in southern Arizona, where 

 a variety of the boll weevil, the thurberia 

 weevil, Anthonomus grandis thurberiae Pierce, 

 occurs on a wild cotton, Gossypium thurberi 

 Todaro. 



Square damage in the Mexican cotton 

 reached an area-wide level of 10 percent in late 

 August, and severe yield losses occurred in 

 several fields. In Arizona, incipient infestations 

 of thurberia weevils developed in several cot- 

 tonfields by September 5. It was determined 

 that boll weevils in Sonora developed diapause 

 and entered surface ground trash to survive 

 the winter. The thurberia weevil is not known 

 to hibernate in ground trash. In addition, evi- 

 dence of considerable winter survival of the 

 Sonora boll weevils in pupal cells within old 

 bolls was observed in northern Sonora cotton- 

 fields. This is the only known manner in which 

 the thurberia weevil survives over winter. Ap- 

 plications of methyl parathion to cottonfields in 

 Sonora in late October and early November 

 considerably reduced overwintering popula- 

 tions. 



14. Bottger, G. T., Sheehan, E. T., and 

 Lukefahr, M. J. Relation of gossypol con- 



