class movements were computed. Survival ratios 

 were first applied to the present stand and stock 

 tables; then class-movement percentages were com- 

 puted to project stand and stock tables for 10 years 

 hence. The ratio of volumes in the projected tables 

 to volumes in the present tables represented the net 

 increase in volume in 10 years due to growth for 

 each type and condition. From compound-interest 

 tables the current annual percentage growth was 

 determined. The percentages thus obtained were 

 applied directly to the inventory volumes of the 

 respective forest types and condition classes to 

 determine their current annual growth. Growth for 

 the entire forest area of the region was found by a 

 summation of the individual growth figures by types 

 and conditions. 



Drain Estimates 



Estimates of commodity drain were made by 

 sampling the wood-utilization industries. The figures 

 obtained by the Forest Service in the lumber-produc- 

 tion census of 1942 were used as the average annual 

 lumber drain. Annual round mine-timber drain was 

 obtained by applying factors of cubic feet of wood re- 

 quired per ton of coal produced to the total annual 

 production of deep-mined coal in each coal field. 

 These factors were based on measurements and 

 weights of mine timbers used by several coal com- 

 panies in each coal field. 



Annual fuel-wood and fence-post consumption 

 figures were based on a stratified sample of the farm 

 and rural nonfarm dwellings. The annual drain by 

 the secondary wood-utilization industries was deter- 

 mined by a survey of the factories in the region. 



A rough estimate of noncommodity drain was based 

 on the average annual acreage of forest land binned 

 over for the period 1933 to 1942. Losses due to 



insects and disease were compensated in calculation 

 of growth. 



Natural Economic Subregions 



The use of aerial photographs in forest surveys 

 simplified the compilation of data on subregions. 

 The areas of each of the major forest types and con- 

 dition classes within the subregions were compiled 

 from the forest-type and condition-class maps and 

 aerial photographs. Average volumes per acre were 

 applied to these areas to obtain total volume figures. 

 Growth estimates were similarly prepared. 



Forest-Land Ownership 



A survey was made to determine the ownership of 

 forest land. The area under Federal jurisdiction 

 was obtained from supervising agencies. The State 

 department of forests and waters provided the figures 

 for State forests and county and community owner- 

 ship. County records were consulted on coal-com- 

 pany lands. An estimate of the area owned by 

 water-supply companies was derived from a sample. 

 Farm woodland acreage was compiled from the 1940 

 Census of Agriculture. 



Employment Outlook 



An appraisal was made of the employment out look- 

 in the region by three groups of counties: coal-pro- 

 ducing, rural, and industrial (Dauphin-Lebano 

 Future population and the numbers in the prospec- 

 tive labor forces were estimated for 1950 and 1 

 A detailed explanation of the procedure followed in 

 estimating the prospective labor force is given in 

 Anthracite Surve) Paper <>. Northeastern Foresi 

 Experiment Station. 1945. 



DEFINITIONS OF TERMS USED 



Land-Use Classes 



Forest land. Land thai is now covered l>\ trees or 

 shrubs, including abandoned farm land that appears 

 (on the photographs) to be at least 50 percenl covered 

 by this kind of vegetation. 



Cropland, band defined In the United States 

 Bureau of the Census as cropland harvested, crop 



failure, or cropland (idle or fallow ). 



Mine ica.stf. band that has been either covered bv 



mine refuse material from deep mining or disturbed by 

 surface-mining operations 



Water. Permanent water surfaces such as lakes. 



reservoirs, and ponds that have .\n area of 10 : 

 or more, and streams one-eighth o\' a mile or more in 

 w idth. 



Other. Other nonforest areas include urban ai 



power, rail, and highway rights-of-way, water . 

 less than 10 .Hies m si/e. and pasture land open farm 

 land that is not classified as cropland. 



The Anthracite Forest Region A Problem Area 





