1935 - Bondy, F. F., and C. F. Rainwater. Boll weevil and miscellaneous cotton insect 



investigations. S. C. Agr. Expt. Sta. 48:100. 



A total of 50,122 boll weevil punctured squares were caged in 1934. From 

 these squares 17 species of Hymenoptera, 13 species of Diptera, and one specie 

 each of Lepidoptera, Heteroptera, Corrodentia, and Neuroptera emerged in addi- 

 tion to boll weevils. Of these species only the following 6 species of hymenoptera 

 are known to be larval parasites of the boll weevil, Microbracon mellitor , 

 Eurytoma tylodermatis , Zatropis incertus, Catolaccus hunteri , Triaspis 

 curculionis , and Microdontomerus anthonomi , 



1936 - Folsom, J. W. Observations of Microbracon mellitor (Say) in relation to the 



boll weevil. J. Econ. Ent. 29(1 ): 1 1 1- 1 1 6. 



Observations of Microbracon mellitor Say, the most abundant parasite of 

 Anthonomus grandis Boh., were made in Tallulah, La., in 1934 by means of 

 special rearing cages. The cage is a cardboard cylinder 2 inches high by 2>\ 

 inches in diameter, resting in sand in a saucer and covered with a petri dish. 

 A hole in one side is plugged with a cork covered with absorbent cotton on 

 which a mixture of equal parts of honey and distilled water is placed to feed the 

 parasites. These are put in a glass tube which is pushed through a second open- 

 ing. The tube is then darkened, and the parasites enter the lighter cage. Sound 

 squares into which weevil larvae have been artificially introduced are placed 

 in the cages for oviposition of the parasites. 



Oviposition, egg laying, larval growth, spinning (cocoon), larval and 

 pupal development, mating and parthenogensis, longevity, and autumn history of 

 the parasite were studied and reported. 



1936 - Smith, G. L. Percentages and causes of mortality of boll weevil stages with the 

 squares. J. Econ. Ent. 29(1 ):99- 105. 



During the cotton fruiting seasons 1929-31, inclusive, fallen squares and 

 flared and damaged squares hanging on the plants were collected at about 15-day 

 intervals during June, July, and August from 8 fields representing different soil 

 types in Louisiana. Examination of this material showed the percentage mortal- 

 ities of all stages of the boll weevil in hanging squares to be 4.3% in 1929, 

 12.06% in 1930, 9.24% in 1931, and 11.63% in 1932. The corresponding percentages 

 for fallen squares were 11.42%, 41.33%, 15.33%, and 24.08%. 



Correlation of the mortalities with data on climatic and other factors showed 

 that the immature stages are affected by climate, predators, parasites, and 

 proliferation. Of these, climate is ordinarily the most important in the case of 

 fallen squares, although of little or no importance in hanging squares. 



In both cases, the order of efficiency of the other factors seemed to be 

 parasites, predators, and proliferation. In fallen squares mortality due to 

 predators (mostly ants) amounted to 2% in 1931 and 1932. Mortality caused by 

 parasitism was mainly due to Microbracon mellitor Say. In 1932 parasitism 

 caused 8.22% mortality, or about one-third of the total mortality from all 

 causes. 



1936 - Smith, W. R. Consideration of the fire ant Solenopsis xyloni as an important 

 southern pest. J. Econ. Ent. 29( 1 ): 120- 122. - 



It often destroys insect pests, such as the immature stages of Anthonomus 

 grandis Boh., but this does not outweigh the injuries it causes. 



1938 - Baerg, W. J., D. Isely, and M. W. Sanderson. Entomology. Ark. Agr. Expt. Sta. 

 B. 368:62-66. 



The cotton aphis (Aphis gossypii Glov.) becomes of economic importance 

 only on cotton that has received successive applications of calcium arsenate dust 

 for the control of the boll weevil ( Anthonomus grandis Boh.) and the cotton leaf- 

 worm ( Alabama argillacea Hbn). The arsenical apparently destroys the Hymenop- 

 terous parasites of the aphid and outbreaks of the latter are, therefore, most 

 frequent in late summer. 



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