1940 - Clausen, C. P. Entomaphogous insects, Ed. I, McGraw-Hill, New York and 

 London. 



Notes that Hydnocera pubescens Lee. is parasitic on the larvae of the boll 

 weevil. 



1943 - Kagan, M. The Arachnida found on cotton in central Texas. Ent. Soc. Amer. 

 Ann. 36(2):257-258. 



A list of 36 spiders which were observed to feed on insect pests of cotton 

 in central Texas during 1941-1942. Anthonomus grandis was not attacked. 



1943 - Smith, Herbert D. Laboratory rearing of Microbracon vestiticida , Vier., on the 

 bean weevil, with notes on the life history of the parasite. J. Econ. Ent. 

 36(1):101-104. 



Microbracon vestiticida Vier. is a parasite of the Peruvian cotton square 

 weevil, Anthonomus vestitus Boh., and was first imported into the United 

 States in the fall of 1941. After evidence had been obtained that it would attack 

 the boll weevil, A . grandis Boh., in the Southern States, experiments were con- 

 ducted to find a method of rearing the parasite in considerable numbers in the 

 laboratory. 



Ephestia kuehniella Zell. and some coleopterous grain pests were tried as 

 hosts, but the only insect that attracted the parasite was the bean weevil, 

 Acanthosc elides obtectus (Say). Infested beans in mosquito-netting tubes or 

 sacks were the most satisfactory for oviposition. 



The egg is deposited externally on the host. The first larva that hatches kills 

 all eggs and weevil larvae that hatch later. Only a few hosts are paralyzed, or 

 stung, by the female. The nonparalyzed host is killed by the young larva in a day 

 or two. A feeding tube is formed extending from the host to the bean skin. 



The last complete generation in the experimental series yielded 9.6 

 progeny per female for the 100 females that were used. By the use of the bean 

 weevil as an alternate host, it is possible to build up the parasite stock during the 

 winter, when immature stages of the boll weevil are not available, so that large 

 releases can be made as soon as the proper stages of the weevil occur in the 

 field early in summer. 



1945 - Bissell, T. L. Myiophasia globosa , Tns., Tachinid parasite of the cowpea 



Curculio. Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 38(3):417-440. 



Recorded in U. S. parasitizing A. grandis on cotton. Cotton squares punc- 

 tured by A. grandis were collected by Federal workers in various states at 

 intervals in 1935 and 1936. The tachinid was reared from a small percentage of 

 those collected in Louisiana, Mississippi, Georgia, Florida, and the Carolinas, 

 but not from Virginia or Tennessee. Although well distributed, the parasite is 

 not very important in controlling A. grandis . 



1946 - Annand, P. N. Report of the Chief of the Bureau of Entomology and Plant 



Quarantine, Agr. Res. Admin. 1944-45. U. S. D. A. 1946. Wash. 



Investigations in Louisiana showed that the parasite Triaspis vestiticida 

 Vier. and Bracon (Microbracon) vestiticida Vier., which was imported from 

 Peru and released in cotton fields of Texas and Louisiana, would oviposit on 

 larvae of A. grandis in cotton squares and complete their development on them. 

 Both were reared from squares collected in the field after releases were made, 

 but there is no evidence that these parasites survived the winter. 



1947 - Berry, P. A. Anthonomus vestitus and its natural enemies in Peru, and their im- 



portation into the United States. J. Econ. Ent. 40(6):801-804. 



Information on 3 parasites of A. vestitus is provided: Catolaccus townsendi , 

 Triapis vestiticida , and Microbracon vestiticida . The last 2 have been imported 

 into the United States and have been recovered from A. grandis . C. townsendi is 

 present in the United States and is parasitic on A. grandis . 



105 



