importance in hanging squares. In both cases, the order of efficiency of the other 

 factors seems to be parasites, predators, and proliferation. Temperature is the 

 most important element in the climatic factor, and this has its greatest effect on 

 squares lying on the ground, exposed to the sun. The effective fatal maximum 

 temperature is around 93°F. upward, varying in efficiency almost directly with 

 increase above that figure. 



1936 - Watts, J. G. Entomology and Zoology. S. C. Expt. Sta. 1935-36 Rpt. 49:39-50. 



Clemson. 



Sericothrips variabilis Beach constituted about 75% of all thrips on young 

 cotton and was more abundant than usual on other plants. By means of marking 

 experiments, it was shown that stalks severely injured by thrips produced fewer 

 blooms and bolls than uninjured stalks. Also, they were 10 days later in starting 

 to bloom, so that more of the crop was heavily attacked by the boll weevil. 



1937 - Dunnam, E. W., and J. C. Clark. Thrips damage to cotton. J. Econ. Ent. 



30(6):855-857. 



It is probable that under field conditions the loss resulting from infestation 

 by thrips would be greater, as the retarded production of bolls would increase 

 infestation by the boll weevil. 



1941 - Stuckey, H. P. Ga. Agr. Expt. Sta. 1940-41 Ann. Rpt. 53:118. 



A somewhat overlooked habit of the boll weevil was noted during the winter. 

 A number of seed containing live boll weevils were found in December and 

 January. The weevils had fed in the seed as larvae, had left their skins there, 

 and had transformed to adults in the seed. In one seed the larva had been killed 

 by a common parasite Microbracon mellitor (Say). 



1942 - Fenton, F. A., and K. S. Chester, Protecting cotton from insects and plant di- 



seases. Okla.Agri. Expt. Sta. C. 96, 32p., 13 fig., 1 ref. 1942. Stillwater. 



Anthonomus grandis Boh. is most injurious in the southeastern counties, 

 where the winters are mild, abundant woodland provides protection during 

 winter, and rain is usually frequent during the growing season; but it oc- 

 casionally causes severe losses over a considerable part of the cotton area 

 when climatic conditions become favorable. There are 2 complete generations 

 and a partial third and fourth during the year. 



1942 - Little, V. A., and D. F. Martin. Cotton insects of the United States, ii - 130 p., 

 multigraph, 12 fig., many ref., Minn. Burgess Pub. Co., Minneapolis. 



A summary of the results of the large amount of work by entomologists 

 on the insects that attack cotton in the United States. Mainly their bionomics and 

 control, but information is included on distribution, alternate food plants, and the 

 morphology of the various stages. There are two sections: The first (p. 1-79) 

 deals with insects that feed on the squares, flowers, and bolls; the second 

 (p. 81-127), with those that attack the leaves, stems, and roots. About half of the 

 first section is devoted to Platydra ( Pectinophora ) gossypiella Saund., Heliothis 

 armigera Hb., and Anthonomus grandis Boh. 



1950 - Isely, Dwight. Control of the boll weevil and the cotton aphid in Arkansas. Ark. 

 Agr. Expt. Sta. B. 496. June Fayetteville. 



Life history and seasonal history, insecticide timing, coverage, methods of 

 effectiveness, and boll weevil in winter. 



133 



