DIALYPETALAE 123 



[ORDERS TREATED IN VOL. II.] 



C. Carpels in some families free and superior ; otherwise 

 flowers generally perigynous or epigynous. 



Fam. 36 — 77. 



Order XII. Rosales. 



Perianth various, not rarely reduced. Carpels some- 

 times free and equal in number to the petals, but more 

 frequently connate and reduced to 3 or 2 or 1. Ovules 

 many, occasionally reduced to 1 or 2 in each cell, as in 

 Roridula, some Leguminosae etc. Fam. 36 — 48. 



Order XIII. Geraniales. 



Perianth double or none, as in Euphorbia, mostly 

 5-merous. Carpels 5 — 2, when ripe often separating; 

 ovules 1 or more, epitropous with a ventral raphe, the 

 micropyle being turned upwards, or more rarely with a 

 dorsal raphe and the micropyle turned downwards. 



Fam. 49 — 62. 



Order XIV. Sapindales. 



Characters similar to Geraniales, but differing from 

 that group by the reverse position of the ovules, the raphe 

 being dorsal with the micropyle turned upwards or ventral 

 with the micropyle turned downwards. Fam. 63 — 71. 



Order XV. Rhamnales. 



Perianth double. Stamens as many as perianth- 

 segments, opposite them. Carpels 5 — 2, united. Ovules 

 1 — 2. Fam. 72, 73. 



16 — 2 



