By Mrs. M. E. Cunnington. 47 



for ingress and egress, is broken up into short and irregular sections. 

 The ditch of the main entrenchment is divided into seven sections. 

 The unexcavated portions forming the causeways between each 

 section are of a uniform length of 18ft., although the various sections 

 of the ditch vary considerably. T!ie first section from the west 

 is 46ft. in length ; the second, 92ft. ; the third, 121ft. ; the fourth, 

 |98ft.; the fifth, 98ft.; the sixth, 122ft.; the seventh, 42ft. 



The isolated portions of ditch on the south-eastern shoulder of 

 the hill are divided into two sections by a causeway of the usual 

 width of 18ft., the two sections measuring in length respectively 

 6oft. and 45ft. (S S on plan.) 



It is very difficult to see why the frequent openings in the en- 

 trenchment should have been left, when apparently they must 

 weaken it so materially, if it was intended for purposes of defence, 

 either for men or cattle. 



It has been suggested, by way of explanation, that the work of 

 fortification was never finished, that the ditch was being dug 

 and the rampart piled up by gangs of men working in sections, and 

 that for some reason the work was abandoned before the various 

 sections were completed, with the result now to be seen. 



There is, however, considerable evidence in favour of these cause- 

 ways being an intentional feature of the original design of the 

 amp. It is improbable that on the isolated shoulder, as well as 

 in the main entrenchment, the causeway should have been left 

 liccidentally as tlie result of an unfinished undertaking. In every 

 3ase the causeways are cut at a slight skew to the corresponding 

 ^ap in tlie rampart, so that standing on, or just outside the cause- 

 vay, only an obli(|uo view could be obtained into the camp. A 

 jline drawn through the gaps and out across the causeways indicates 

 )n the plan in whicli direction in each case the skew lies. The 

 miform widlli of the causeways also affords some proof of design. 

 It has also been suggested that as General ritt-Iiivers thought 

 f the wi(l(^ ilanlving ramparts of \Vinl<lobury Camp (Mtjcavatioiis, 

 I., 2."54), lli(! (Mustuvays were inlcndctl in cases of emergency to 

 dmit a large nunibcji- of cattle as rapidly as ])0ssible to the interior 

 f the cam]). l)iit il would certainly be (\asiiM\aiul lluM-cfoi'(> ([iiickcr- 



