192 Recent Wiltshire Books, Pampldets, Articles, &c. 



Sarresbiriensis, and the contracted form Sarrum. In Edward First's 

 reign we read of Nova Sarum and Vetus Sarum. Bishop Wyvil first 

 described himself as Episcopus Sarum. Sarum is thus " not a ghost- 

 name. It is a genuine word coined thus early which has continued in 

 use as the name of the city and the diocese until our own day. But 

 the word is really a kind of slang," arising from the fact that Skr, used 

 as the contracted form of writing Saresherie and Saresheriensis, would 

 equally stand as the common contraction for Sarum, and accordingly 

 the name came to be so pronounced and spelt. In an English document 

 of 1375 the name is New Saresbury, and in 1429 Richard JSTevill, Earl of 

 Salisbury, signs himself B. Salisbury, the earliest example of the 

 modern spelling known to Mr. Dorling. 



The arms of the city granted at Harvey's Visitation of Wilts in 1565 

 are azure four bars gold, corrupted later into Barry of eight fieeces azure 

 and gold (Campden's Visitation of 1623, and the city seal of the 17th 

 century). There are also other corrupt variations. The supporters of 

 the city arms are Tivo eagles gold ivith two heads, collared ivith crowns 

 azure and having their beaks and legs azure. 



The question of the singular attribution in MS. M. 3 at the College 

 of Arms, Azure a flag gold and a sword silver having its hilt gold crossed 

 saltire^vise and a chief silver ivith three loze^iges gules therein to the see 

 of Salisbury, arms which have been taken to be the ancient arms of the 

 city, is also discussed. Noticed, Wiltshire Gazette, Aug. 10th, 1911. 



Shepherds of Britain. Scenes from Shepherd Life 

 past and present from the best Authorities by 

 Adelaide L. J. Gosset. London : Constable & Co., 

 1911. 



Pp. xxiv. + 332. 7s. 6c?. net. Numerous illustrations. 



" The scope of the book " says the authoress in her preface, will 

 appear from a glance at the contents list. It comprises chapters on 

 " Shepherds — their Flocks and Dogs," " Sheep Marks and Tallies," 

 "The Wool Harvest," ''The Care of Wool," "Shepherds' Garb," 

 "Arts and Crafts," "Pastimes," and "Pastoral Folklore." These 

 subjects are treated in great variety by extracts from books and 

 periodicals by a number of writers. Under the heading of " Shepherd 

 and Flock, Wiltshire," we find " The Shepherd of the Plain," by P. W. 

 D. Izzard (from Daily Mail, 1910) ; " Lazy Shepherds of the Plain and 

 an Exception," by the author ; " Wiltshire Shepherds, 17th Century '' 

 (from The Book of Days ; Edited by Eobert Chambers ; 1869) ; 

 " Wiltshire Shepherd Customs," by Ed. Jefferies (from Wild Life in 

 Southern County, 1880) ; " Characteristic Wiltshire Shepherds," by A. 

 G. Bradley (from Round about Wiltshire, 1907). In the section on 

 " Marks and Tallies " the plan of recording the number of sheep by 

 notching sticks is described at length, and the correspondence of the 

 peculiar singsong words used in counting up to twenty with old and 

 modern Welsh numerals is urged as a proof that in them we may still 

 liear relics of the counting words used by ancient British shepherds in 



