resemble moist snuff. Some of it is heavily coated with saucing, like the 
thick plug. Burley and Green River are the principal leaf types used. Fine- 
cut is probably used as much for smoking as for chewing. 
Scrap chewing, unlike most other chewing and pipe-smoking products, is 
made almost entirely of cigar-leaf tobacco. Cigar leaf used consists of "stem 
ming" grades, or those not suitable for cigar manufacture. Practically all 
the stems and some of the coarser fibers are removed before processing. Scrap 
chewing is also an important outlet for broken leaves and "cuttings" from ci- 
gar manufacture. The product is essentially irregular fragments or flakes of 
tobacco leaf, about 1/2 to 1 inch in diameter, and put up in small packages. 
It is classified in the trade into sweet scrap (heavily cased with flavoring 
materials) and plain scrap. 
Smoking tobacco 
The term "smoking tobacco'' commonly refers to pipe tobacco, although con- 
siderable quantities of tobacco so classified are used in hand-rolled ciga- 
rettes. Smoking tobacco is manufactured in many forms, such as granulated, 
plug cut, long cut, and others. Various types of leaf are used in the manu- 
facture, but the most widely-used single type is burley. 
Most smoking tobacco is treated by the addition of heavy saucing mater- 
ials, which contribute to the mildness and aroma of the smoke and prevent too 
rapid drying out of the tobacco. However, some brands are only mildly fla- 
vored. The leading materials used for flavoring are tonka beans, the seeds of 
a tropical South American tree; and deer's tongue, the powdered leaves of the 
wild vanilla plant, a perennial herb that grows in pine barrens from North 
Carolina to Florida. 
Granulated is one of the oldest and simplest forms of smoking tobacco. It 
is made mostly of burley and flue-cured types of leaf, but various blends are 
also used. The product consists of stemmed leaf broken into medium-sized 
flakes, with added flavoring. Some rolled, flattened, and cut stems may also 
be added. Granulated smoking tobacco is popular for hand-rolled cigarettes. 
This form of tobacco is usually packaged in small cotton bags. 
Plug cut, (or cut plug), is made in much the same way as plug chewing to- 
bacco, but no wrapper leaf is used. The stems are removed from the leaf, 
saucing compounds added, and the mass compressed into slabs. The pressed ma 
terial is cut into thin slices, about 1/10-inch thick, which are packaged as 
slices. The leaf blends used for plug cut are similar to those used for mak- 
ing cigarettes. The main type used is burley, along with some Green River. 
"Bird's-Eye," a form of plug cut tobacco, is made by leaving parts of the stem 
in the leaf, and arranging the leaves in the cake to be pressed in such a way 
that the slices are made across the stems, producing the birds-eye effect. 
Other forms of plug cut are called cube cut, curley cut, straight cut, wavy 
cut, and others. 
Long cut differs from plug cut in that the loose leaf is shredded before 
it is compressed into the cake. It is not cut as fine as fine-cut chewing to 
bacco. Long cut is used in high grade mixtures of smoking tobacco. 
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