STANDARDS FOR FRUITS AND VEGETABLES 49 
the average outside diameter is more than 1%. 
inches; or scattered scale on oranges or grapefruit 
which detracts from the appearance of the fruit to 
a greater extent than the maximum ring or blotch 
allowed. 
(f) Scars when causing roughness of the fruit tex- 
ture to a greater degree than is permitted under the 
term ‘‘ fairly smooth” as required in the grade; or 
when these scars affect the appearance of the fruit 
to a greater extent than the maximum of discolora- 
tion allowed. 
(g) Split or rough or protuding navels, when any 
split is unhealed, or more than three well-healed splits 
at the navel, or any split which is more than one 
fourth inch in length; or three-cornered, star-shaped, 
or other irregular navels when the opening is so 
wide, considering the size of the orange, and the 
navel growth so folded and ridged, that it detracts 
materially from the appearance of the orange; or 
navels which flare, bulge, or protrude beyond the 
general contour of the orange to the extent that they 
are subject to mechanical injury in the process of 
proper grading, handling, and packing. 
(i) Sunburn, when the area affected exceeds 25 
percent of the fruit surface, or when the affected 
portion is appreciably flattened, dry, darkened, or 
hard. 
(i) Thorn scratches, when the injury is not well 
healed, or when light colored and concentrated and 
more than 1 inch in diameter, or black or scattered 
thorn injury which detracts from the appearance 
of the fruit to a greater extent than the 1 inch light- 
colored concentrated injury. 
11. “Slightly colored” means that the green or 
russet color predominates but that the fruit shows 
some yellow or orange color on that part of the fruit 
which is not russeted. 
12. “ Fairly firm” as applied to grapefruit, means 
that the fruit may be slightly soft but not bruised, 
and the skin may be thick and slightly puffy; as 
applied to oranges, means that the fruit may be 
slightly soft, but not bruised; as applied to oranges 
of the mandarin group (targerines, Satsumas, King, 
mandarin) means that the skin of the fruit is not 
badly puffy or very loose. 
13. “ Slightly misshapen” means that the fruit is 
not of the shape characteristic of the variety but is 
