50 MISC. PUB. 190, U.S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 
not decidedly pear shaped, elongated, sharply pointed, 
or otherwise badly deformed. ‘ 
14. “Slightly rough texture’? means that the skin 
is not of smooth texture but is not badly ridged, badly 
grooved, or badly wrinkled. 
15. “ Serious damage’ means any defect or injury 
which seriously affects the appearance, or edible or 
shipping quality of the fruit. Any one of the follow- 
ing defects, or any combination thereof, the serious- 
ness of which exceeds the maximum allowed for any 
one defect shall be considered as serious damage: 
(a) Ammoniation, when scars are cracked, or when 
more than 114 inches in diameter in the aggregate. 
(6) Buckskin, when unsightly, or the fruit texture 
is seriously affected. 
(c) Creasing, when deep, or when more than 1 inch 
in length. 
(@) Dryness, when extending into segments more 
than one half inch at the stem end. or more than 
the equivalent of this amount by volume when oc- 
curring in other portions of the fruit. 
(e) Green spots, when aggregating more than 2 
inches in diameter. 
(f) Seab, when more than 15 percent in the ag- 
gregate of the surface is affected, or when materially 
affecting shape or texture. 
(g) Scale, when occurring as a ring or concen- 
trated blotch on oranges and varieties of the man- 
darin group when the average outside diameter is 
more than 1 inch; or as one ring or blotch on grape- 
fruit When the average outside diameter is more than 
134 inches; or scattered scale or small rings or blotches 
on oranges or grapefruit which detract from the ap- 
pearance of the fruit to a greater extent than does the 
maximum ring or blotch allowed. 
(fh) Scars, when causing roughness of the fruit 
texture to a greater degree than is permitted under 
the term “slightly rough” as stated in the grade: or 
when these scars affect the appearance of the fruit 
to a greater extent than the maximum of discoloration 
allowed in the grade. 
(i) Split or protruding navels, when any split is 
unhealed, or one well-healed split at each corner of 
irregular navels when any one is more than one half 
inch in length, or when aggregating more than 1 inch 
in length, or when more than four in number: or 
navels which protrude beyond the general contour of 
the orange to the extent as to be a likely source of 
