8 MISC. PUB. 190, U.S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 
at this stage may be shipped long distances but should 
be moved into consumption within a short period of 
time. 
(@) “Ripe” means mealy and soon to become soft 
for the variety. Apples at this stage should be 
moved immediately into consumption. 
2. “ Overripe’’ means dead ripe, very mealy or soft, 
past commercial utility. 
3. “ Carefully hand picked” means that the apples 
do not show evidence of rough handling or of having 
been on the ground. 
4, “Clean”? means free from excessive dirt, dust, 
spray residue, or other foreign material. 
5. “Fairly well formed” means that the apples 
may be slightly abnormal in shape but not to an 
extent which detracts materially from the appear- 
ance of the fruit. 
G6. “* Seriously deformed ” means so badly misshapen 
that the appearance is severely affected. 
7. “Damage” means any injury or defect which 
materially detracts from the appearance or Keeping 
quality of the apples. 
(a) Russeting which exceeds the following shall be 
considered as damage: 
Russeting which is excessively rough on Roxbury 
Russet and other similar varieties. 
Russeting on other varieties which covers a total 
area of more than 25 percent of the surface in the 
aggregate except that— 
(1) Smooth, solid russeting which covers an area of 
more than 10 percent of the surface in the aggregate 
shall be considered as damage unless the russeting is 
within or continuous with that in the stem basin or 
calyx cavity, in which case an additional 15 per- 
cent shall be permitted provided that the total area 
covered shall not exceed 25 percent in the aggregate. 
(2) Slightly rough russeting which covers an area 
of more than 15 percent of the surface if confined to 
the stem basin or calyx cavity or continuous there- 
with, or such russeting which covers an area of more 
than one half inch in diameter if it is not continuous 
with the russeting in the stem basin or calyx cavity, 
shall be censidered as damage. 
(3) Rough russeting which is well within the stem 
basin and is not readily apparent shall be permitted, 
but any other rough russeting which exceeds one 
quarter inch in diameter shall be considered as 
‘* damage.” 
