STANDARDS FOR FRUITS AND VEGETABLES 93 
age (8) caused by seed stems (8a), and from serious 
damage (12) caused by wilting, tipburn, freezing, 
disease, insects, or mechanical or other means. ; 
In order to allow for variations incident to proper 
grading and handling, not more than 10 percent, by 
count, of the heads in any container may be below 
the requirements of this grade. 
DEFINITIONS OF TERMS 
As used in these grades: 
1. “Similar varietal characteristics”? means that 
the heads in any container have the same character- 
istic leaf growth. For example, lettuce of the Ice- 
berg and Big Boston types Shall not be mixed. 
2. “ Fresh’”’ means that the head is crisp, although 
the wrapper leaves and the outer 1 or 2 head leaves 
may be slightly wilted. 
3. “Firm”, as applied to heads of Iceberg type 
lettuce, means that the head is compact but may 
yield slightly to moderate pressure; as applied to 
heads of Big Boston type lettuce, means that the 
head is fairly compact. 
4, “Well formed” means that the head is well 
shaped, and that midribs of the leaves are not ab- 
normally prominent or protruding. 
5. “ Well trimmed ” means that the butt is trimmed 
off close to the point of attachment of the outer 
leaves ; that wrapper leaves are free from appreciable 
injury from any cause; that on heads of Iceberg-type 
lettuce wrapper leaves do not exceed six in number, 
not more than one-half of which may be excessively 
large and coarse such as are characteristic of No. 6 
strain; and, provided further, that the outermost 
leaves of the head show some shade of green color 
on a part of the leaves. “‘ Wrapper leaves” means 
all leaves. which do not fairly closely enfold the com- 
pact portion of the head. Heads shall not be con- 
Sidered weli trimmed when the wrapper leaves are 
badly blistered or show yellow discoloration or more 
than slight brown margins. Heads with torn wrapper 
leaves shall not be considered well trimmed when 
ale leaves appreciably injure the appearance of the 
ead. 
6. “ Burst” means that the head is broken open. 
7. “Doubles”? means two heads on the same stem. 
8. “ Damage” means any injury which materially 
affects the appearance, or edible or shipping quality 
38579°—34——_7 
