108 MISC. PUB. 190, U.S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 
orange to such an extent that they are subject to 
mechanical injury in the process of proper grading, 
handling, and packing; or three-cornered, star-shaped, 
or other irregular navels when the opening is so wide, 
considering the size of the orange, and the navel 
growth so folded and ridged that it detracts mate- 
rially from the appearance of the orange. 
(4) Creasing, when the skin of the affected portion 
is materially weakened, or when extending over a 
segment comprising more than 30 percent of the fruit 
surface. 
(5) Scale, when concentrated, or when scattered 
over a segment comprising more than one third of 
the fruit surface. . 
(6) Sunburn, when the area affected exceeds 25 per- 
cent of the fruit surface, or when the affected portion 
is appreciably flattened, dry, darkened, or hard. 
“Fairly weil colored” means that the yellow or 
orange color predominates on the fruit. 
“Fairly firm ” means that the fruit may be slightly 
soft but is not decidedly flabby. 
‘* Badly misshapen’ means that the fruit is decid- 
edly one-sided, sharply pointed, extremely elongated, 
or Otherwise badly deformed. 
“Excessively rough ” means that the skin is decidedly 
rough, badly folded, badly ridged, or decidedly lumpy. 
Heavily ‘‘ pebbled’ skin shall not be considered as 
excessively rough. 
“ Serious damage’ means any injury by the causes 
mentioned which seriously affects the appearance, or 
the edible, or shipping quality of the fruit. Any of 
the following defects shall be considered as serious 
damage: 
(1) Any unhealed split or one well-healed split at 
each corner of irregular navels when any one is more 
than one half inch in length, or when aggregating 
more than 1 inch in length, or when more than four in 
number. Navels which protrude beyond the general 
contour of the orange to the extent as to be a likely . 
source of mechanical injury during the process of 
proper grading, handling, and packing; or irregular- 
shaped navels when the opening is so wide, consid- 
ering the size of the orange, and the navel growth so 
badly folded and ridged that it detracts seriously from 
the appearance of the orange. 
(2) Freezing injury, when the fruit shows a water- 
soaked appearance or evidence of previous water- 
b 
