50 



MISC. PUBLICATION 62 6, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 



Figure 81. — "Work of the holly leaf 

 miner. Natural size. 



East and also occurs in some States of 

 the far West. In the more northern 

 States it apparently develops only one 

 generation annually. 



Treatment. — Picking off and burn- 

 ing the infested leaves in the fall or 

 winter is probably the best method of 

 control on small trees. Spraying has 

 not proved entirely satisfactory. How- 

 ever, several applications of nicotine 

 sulfate spray or lead arsenate spray or 

 nicotine dust during the period of adult 

 emergence in the spring might be of 

 some value. In the case of sprays the 

 flies presumably feed on the poisoned 

 fluids. 



Holly Scale 



The holly scale (Aspidiotus britan- 

 nicus Newst.) attacks holly in the 

 Pacific Coast States. These tiny suck- 

 ing insects are found on the leaves, 

 twigs, and berries. When numerous 

 they weaken the trees. The scale is 

 circular and flattened and about Me inch 

 in diameter. The young apparently 

 hatch during the summer months. 



Other species of scale insects may 

 occasionally infest holly in the East, 

 but serious infestations do not appear to 

 be very common. 



Treatment. — Spraying with an oil 

 spray in the spring before the buds open 



has been reported* as giving good con- 

 trol of the holly scale. The miscible oils 

 or oil emulsions should be diluted as 

 directed by the manufacturer for use on 

 evergreens. The same treatment should 

 prove satisfactory for other scale in- 

 sects found on holly. 



Other Pests of Holly 



Page 



Citrus whitefly 43 



Fall webworm 51 



Spider mites 11 



HOLLYHOCK 



Red Spicier 



Red spiders are injurious to hollyhock 

 and impart a sickly looking appearance 

 to the plant attacked. In heavy in- 

 festations the leaves dry up and fall 

 prematurely. Information on habits 

 and treatment is given on page 11. 



Stalk and Stem Borers 



The stems and stalks of hollyhock are 

 bored into and killed by the caterpillars 

 of the stalk borer (p. 34) and the Euro- 

 pean corn borer (p. 36). Their presence 

 is usually not recognized until the stems 

 begin to wilt and break over. Further 

 details on these borers are given on the 

 pages indicated. 



Red-Banded Leaf Roller 



The red-banded leaf roller (Argyro- 

 taenia velutinana (Walk.)) (fig. 82) has 

 the habit of rolling and tying together 



Y *miM?smm 



Figure 82. — Red-banded leaf roller: 

 a, Female moth; b, moth with wings 

 folded at rest; c, larva; d, pupa; 

 e, tip of abdomen of pupa, showing 

 abdominal hooks, a-d, about three 

 times natural size; e, more enlarged. 



the leaves and terminal growth. It 

 attacks hollyhock, chrysanthemum, vio- 

 let, rose, geranium, lobelia, honeysuckle, 

 zinnia, and other plants. This insect has 

 a wide distribution but is most common 

 in the East. The caterpillar is greenish, 



