104 MISC. PUBLICATION 6 2(5, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 



Caution — Carbon disulfide is inflam- 

 mable and explosive when mixed with 

 air in certain proportions, and is poison- 

 ous. The liquid should be handled 

 with great care and never be exposed 

 near fire in any form. Even hot steam 

 pipes may ignite the gas. The fumes 

 are poisonous and should not be in- 

 haled. 



When used as an emulsion, carbon 

 disulfide is effective in controlling the 

 larvae of the Japanese beetle, white 

 grubs, and other soil pests when an 

 infestation is heavy enough to warrant 

 the treatment. An emulsion for use 

 in the garden or lawn is prepared as 

 follows : 



Parts by 

 volume 



Rosin fish-oil soap 1 



Water 3 



Carbon disulfide 10 



The soap and water are placed in a 

 closed container and agitated until the 

 mixture is uniform. The carbon disul- 

 fide is added and the agitation continued 

 until the mixture becomes creamlike. 

 One quart of this mixture is added to 

 50 gallons of water (or 4 teaspoonfuls 

 to 1 gallon) and applied to the infested 

 ground at the rate of 3 pints per square 

 foot of surface. For small areas this 

 liquid may be applied with an ordinary 

 sprinkling can. 



In treating lawns or garden areas, 

 great care must be taken not to apply 

 more emulsion than the soil can absorb 

 without puddling, for otherwise severe 

 burning of the grass or plants may 

 result. It is well to keep the lawn 

 moist for several days prior to applying 

 the insecticide so as to keep the grubs 

 feeding near the surface, where they 

 can be reached by the emulsion. 



TABLE OF MEASURES 



The home gardener will find it profit- 

 able to obtain a set of measuring spoons, 

 one or two measuring cups, a gallon 

 measure marked into pints and quarts, 

 and a reasonably accurate scale gradu- 

 ated to ounces and pounds for use in 

 weighing and measuring the ingredients 

 needed to prepare insecticides. Many 

 of the department and seed stores have 

 these utensils for sale at a moderate 

 cost. With such equipment it will be 

 possible to prepare the insecticides 

 properly and thus avoid injury to the 

 plants, such as might occur where 

 quantities are guessed at or accidentally 

 used in excess. 



Among the measures that will be 

 found convenient for ascertaining the 

 exact quantities of the various materials 



when used in small spraying or dusting 

 equipment are the following: 



Liquid measure: 



3 level teaspoonfuls =1 level tablespoonful. 



2 level tablespoonfuls (6 teaspoonfuls) = 1 ounce. 



29.57 cubic centimeters =1 ounce. 



8 ounces (16 tablespoonfuls) = 1 cupful. 



16 ounces (2 cupfuls) = 1 pint. 



2 pints (4 cupfuls) = 1 quart. 



8 pints (4 quarts) = 1 gallon. 



2 teaspoonfuls in 1 gallon = approximately 1-400 

 dilution. 



1 teaspoonful in 1 gallon = approximately 1-800 



dilution. 

 % teaspoonful in 1 gallon = approximately 1-1,000 



dilution. 

 Yi teaspoonful in 1 gallon = approximately 1-1,600 



dilution. 

 Dry measure (approximate) : 

 28.35 grams=l ounce. 

 16 ounces=l pound. 



3 level teaspoonfuls =1 level tablespoonful. 

 16 level tablespoonfuls=l cup. 



Number of level tablespoonfuls weighing 1 ounce: 



Derris powder 6J-3 



Pyrethrum powder 5 



Lead arsenate 4^ 



Calcium arsenate 5H 



Paris green V/i 



Cryolite 2H 



For the guidance of the grower and 

 gardener table 1 shows the quantities of 

 common insecticides to be used in pre- 

 paring 1, 3, and 50 gallons of various 

 kinds of sprays. 



WHERE INSECTICIDES MAY BE 

 PURCHASED 



The insecticide materials mentioned 

 in this publication, as well as many 

 proprietary insecticides, can usually be 

 purchased from local dealers in agricul- 

 tural supplies, seedsmen, general stores, 

 drug stores, and department stores. 

 If they cannot be obtained locally, 

 information regarding their purchase 

 may be obtained through the county 

 agricultural agent, the State agricul- 

 tural college or experiment station, or 

 the State department of agriculture. 



WHEN AND HOW TO APPLY 

 INSECTICIDES 



In some instances, particularly when 

 flower-infesting insects are in question, 

 it is extremely difficult to control the 

 insect and at the same time preserve 

 the beauty of the flower. Insecticides, 

 especially when improperly prepared, 

 are sometimes too strong for tender 

 foliage and delicate flowers, and injury 

 may follow their use. Promiscuous 

 spraying is, therefore, not advised. 

 Insecticides are seldom if ever bene- 

 ficial to the plant itself, and are useful 

 only insofar as they remove dangerous 

 or destructive pests with a minimum of 

 damage to the plant. Do not spray 

 unless some insect appears as a potential 



