THE FLIES THAT CAUSE MYIASIS IX MAX 53 



except the Neotropical Region. IT forms have been described. 

 Authors differ as to how many of these forms to accept and as to 

 whether to give them specific or only subspecific status. It is difficult 

 to separate them, the separation being based mainly on characters 

 of the male terminalia. Xo attempt will he made here to unravel 

 this taxonomic puzzle, and it should be borne in mind that the nomen- 

 clature, biology, and distribution of the species, as discussed here, is 

 only tentative. 



Geographical Distribution. — Because of the close similarity of the various 

 forms, many of the locality records, as well as the identification of the myiasis 

 producers, are subject to question. The following distribution is for species 

 reported to be involved in human myiasis and is based on what are probably 

 authentic records : 



Sarcophaga misera Walker i synonym. 8. dux Thomson, & ceylonensis 

 Parker). Type locality of 8. dux, Hawaii; of N. misera (female). Australia; 

 of 8. ceylonensis. Ceylon. Records from the Xearctic and most of those from 

 the Ethiopian and Palaearctic Regions probably should be referred to other 

 forms. Palaearctic Region: Daghestan, China. Oriental Region: India, Ceylon, 

 Malay States, Taiwan. Philippine Islands. Java. Bali. Ethiopian Region: Sey- 

 chelles, Chagos Islands. Australian Region: South Australia. Queensland, New 

 South Wales, Victoria. Lord Howe Island, Solomon Islands, Guam, Samoa, 

 Fiji. Hawaiian Islands. 



Sarcophaga exuberans Pandelle. Type from southern France. Xearctic 

 Region: Nova Scotia. Quebec. British Columbia, New Hampshire. Massachusetts, 

 Connecticut, New York, Ohio. Texas. Washington. Oregon, California. Palaearc- 

 tic Region: England, Spain. France. Corsica, Hungary, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, 

 Greece, southern Russia (Crimea, Novorossisk), Daghestan. Azores, Canary 

 Islands, Tunisia, Egypt, Palestine. Ethiopian Region: Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. 

 Uganda, Southern Rhodesia. South-West Africa. South Africa. 



Sarcophaga harpax Pandelle. Type from Russia. Widespread, but records are 

 not abundant. Xearctic Region : Quebec, Alberta, British Columbia, Massa- 

 chusetts, Idaho. Washington. Palaearctic Region: Netherlands, Germany, 

 Austria. Bulgaria, Italy. Yugoslavia, Russia (southern part and the Caucasus), 

 Japan. Oriental Region: India. Ceylon, the Malay States. Taiwan, Philippine 

 Islands. Ethiopian Region: Damaraland. South-West Africa. Australian 

 Region: Guam, Samoa, Fiji. Hawaiian Islands. 



Sarcophaga tub* rosa Pandelle. Type from southern France. Xearctic Region : 

 Manitoba, Connecticut, Montana, Utah, Washington, California. Palaearctic 

 Region: France. Corsica, Finland, Denmark, Germany. Czechoslovakia, Hungary, 

 Bulgaria, Russia (southern part), Georgia (Abkhasia), Morocco, Algeria, Egypt, 

 Kazak. Uzbek, Kirghiz, eastern Siberia, China, Japan. Ethiopian Region : 

 Madagascar, Seychelles. 



Pathogenesis. — Occasionally members of this group may produce 

 myiasis, but they are normally carrion feeders. S. misera has been 

 reported as producing myiasis in the ear. mastoid, intestine, and 

 skin, S. exuberans in the eye. and S. tuberosa in the skin. S. misera 

 is a sheep maggot of secondary importance in Australia. 



SARCOPHAGA CRASSIPALPIS Macquart 



(Fig. 14, larva) 



Synonyms. — Sarcophaga securifera Yilleneuve: Parasarcophaga securifera 



(Villeneuve). 



Geographical Distribution. — Xearctic Region: Massachusetts. Connecticut, 

 New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania. District of Columbia, Virginia. Georgia. 

 Florida, Ohio, Texas. Neotropical Region: Uruguay, Argentina. Palaearctic 

 Region: Italy, Corsica, Hungary. Yugoslavia. Rumania, Russia. (Ukraine and 

 Crimea), Georgia, Armenia, Iran. Kazak, Uzbek, Turkmen, Kirghiz. Siberia, Far 

 Eastern province of Asiatic Russia. Tibet. China. Manchuria. Ethiopian Region : 

 South Africa. Australian Region: New South Wales. 



