in western Washington tributary to Puget Sound. 
(2) The Grays Harbor-Willapa Bay district, which 
is identical with the Grays Harbor unit and includes 
all the territory in western Washington tributary to 
Grays Harbor and Willapa Bay harbors. (3) The 
Columbia River district, which includes the Colum- 
bia River unit in Washington and that in Oregon, 
or all the territory in western Washington and 
western Oregon tributary to the Columbia River. 
(4) The Oregon coast district, which includes the 
north and south Oregon coast units, or all the 
territory in western Oregon directly tributary to 
the Pacific Ocean. (5) The Willamette River dis- 
trict, which is identical with the Willamette River 
unit and includes all territory in the Willamette 
Valley not tributary to the Columbia River. 
(6) The south Oregon district, which includes the 
Umpqua and Rogue River units, or all the remain- 
ing territory in southern Oregon. 
For the next decade or two, at least, there is not 
likely to be any great amount of cross haul among 
these districts so far as the average run of logs is 
concerned. At some points along the edges of any 
one of them timber may go either one way or the 
other, and for high-grade logs there may be a large 
amount of cross haul, but by far the greater part of 
the average-grade logs cut in any district will 
probably be manufactured somewhere within that 
district. 
percent of its own log output is the Oregon coast 
(The district manufacturing the lowest 
district.) This prediction applies particularly to 
rail or motortruck transportation; where water 
transportation is feasible there may be a consider- 
able movement of camp-run logs from one district 
to another, e. g., from the Oregon coast district 
TaBLe 36.—Unreserved saw timber of availability class I in the 
transportation districts of the Douglas-fir region by species group, 
log scale, Scribner rule 
(In millions of board feet, i. e., 000,000 omitted) 
eee Douglas- Pulp All other 
District fir | species | species Total 
i} 
Buget Sounds 2 eae | 40,922 30, 972 | 9, 100 80, 994 
Grays Harbor-Willapa Bay __| 8, 374 22, 040 | 4,779 35, 193 
Columbia River_____________ | 27,370] 11,369] 2,079 40, 818 
Willamette River_....--.----| 51,110 | 5, 500 1, 510 58, 120 
Oregon coasts ss-=-=— - se 29, 033 | 6, 800 2, 069 37, 902 
SouthiOreson22e ey se 17, 987 | 1, 398 6, 256 25, 641 
| 
TO tal Dee ae aee eer ee 174,796 | 78,079 25, 793 278, 668 
98 
to the Columbia River, Grays Harbor-Willapa 
Bay, or Puget Sound district and from the Willa- 
mette River district to the Columbia River district. 
The remaining stand of saw timber of availability 
class 1 in each of the six districts is shown in 
table 36. 
Territory tributary to tidewater mills may be en- 
larged and movement of logs between districts 
facilitated by one or more of the following improve- 
ments proposed by various public and private 
agencies: (1) Improving the Willamette River so 
as to allow all-year economical towing of logs from 
Eugene to Portland; (2) cutting a canal across the 
narrow neck of land separating Willapa Bay from 
the Columbia River; (3) cutting a canal from 
Grays Harbor to Puget Sound; (4) connecting the 
railroad running north from Grays Harbor with 
that running west and south from Port Angeles. 
These purposes would be furthered also by other 
railroad construction, new highway construction, 
and improvement in trucks. 
It is to be expected that the districts having most 
natural advantages will be exploited first, and that 
if industry is left to its own course their virgin tim- 
ber supplies will be exhausted before certain less 
favored districts are opened up. The Puget Sound, 
Columbia River, and Grays Harbor-Willapa Bay 
districts are the most favored, having the advantages 
of ocean shipping and open log markets. A log fed 
into the Sound or into the Columbia River at any 
point is about as available to any one mill on the 
Sound or on the river, respectively, as to another, 
so far as the cost of delivery is concerned. 
Timber within reasonable distance of these water 
bodies has the following advantages over other tim- 
ber: (1) Concentration of sawmills, pulp mills, 
veneer plants, shingle mills, and other wood-using 
industries on these water bodies creates specialized 
markets for logs of many species and varying 
grades; (2) the log market is not dominated by a 
few buyers. In many instances these factors may 
result in rapid liquidation but in some cases they 
should induce the timber owner to practice con- 
tinuous forest management. 
Puget Sound District 
Of these six major forest districts in the Douglas- 
fir region, the Puget Sound district is the oldest in 
