vessels, transcontinental rail facilities, and good- 
sized cities offering markets for mill byproducts 
and waste. It has ample fresh-water storage for 
logs. It contains 25 percent of the active sawmill 
capacity of the region, 43 percent of the installed 
pulp-mill capacity, and 18 percent of the installed 
plywood-mill capacity. It is the center of the 
furniture-manufacturing industry in the Pacific 
Northwest, and contains many secondary wood- 
using plants. Its forest resources have not been 
exploited to such an extent as those of the Puget 
Sound district. 
supply of all species immediately tributary to 
Columbia River mills is less than that tributary to 
mills on the Sound, but includes almost twice as 
much Douglas-fir timber as pulp timber. 
The existing commercial timber 
Willamette River District 
The Willamette River district has more Douglas- 
fir in availability class I than any other district and 
about 10 times as much Douglas-fir timber as pulp 
species. It has a greater volume of class I timber 
of all species than any except the Puget Sound 
district. It differs widely in industrial develop- 
ment from the three districts already discussed. 
It has no veneer or plywood industry, only 5 per- 
cent of the installed pulp-mill capacity of the 
region, few minor woodworking industries, and is 
distinctly a district of small sawmills and small 
woods operators. In this district 172 sawmills 
were active in 1934, representing about 15 percent 
of the regional installed capacity. Of the installed 
capacity of the district about 30 percent was in 7 
mills cutting 100,000 feet or more per day, 44 
percent represented mills cutting from 20,000 to 
100,000 feet, and 26 percent less than 20,000. 
Although a considerable quantity of logs from the 
Willamette River district are taken into the Colum- 
bia River district for manufacture, most of the 
logs are manufactured locally, and this situation 
High-grade 
logs will undoubtedly continue to move north in 
will probably continue for some time. 
increasing quantities. A considerable part of the 
lumber produced is moved to Portland for ocean 
shipment. 
Oregon Coast District 
The Oregon coast district, although containing 
about as much timber of availability class I as 
100 
either the Grays-Willapa district or the Columbia 
River district, has lagged behind the districts 
already discussed in timber cutting and, especially, 
in forest-products manufacture. In the period 
1925—33 it produced about 7 percent of the regional 
output of sawlogs. Between 20 and 25 percent of 
these logs were shipped to other districts or other 
countries for manufacture. This district has only 
about 8 percent of the installed capacity of active 
sawmills in the region, no pulp plant except a rela- 
tively small one at Empire, and only one veneer 
plant, newly installed at Coquille. Its sawmills 
are almost entirely dependent on California for 
outlets for the part of their cut that is shipped by 
water; Port Orford white-cedar logs are shipped to 
the Orient for manufacture, but in smaller quantities 
now than formerly. 
For some time Lincoln and Tillamook Counties 
have been the source of many of the high-grade 
logs manufactured in the Columbia River district, 
and this will undoubtedly continue. Some logs 
from Lincoln County have been shipped even to 
Grays Harbor and Puget Sound points. Whether 
appreciable quantities of logs from the Coos Bay 
country will in the future be shipped north for 
manufacture in other districts is somewhat doubtful. 
The largest manufacturing center in the Oregon 
Other major industrial 
points are the Tillamook-Nehalem area, Toledo, 
and Winchester Bay. 
coast district is Coos Bay. 
South Oregon District 
The south Oregon district not only lacks facilities 
for ocean shipping but is more remote from large 
population centers than any of the other districts. 
In its southern portions are extensive forests that 
represent a merging of types characteristic of the 
Douglas-fir region, the ponderosa-pine region, and 
the Sierra region of northern California. It is less 
developed industrially than any other district of 
the Douglas-fir region. It has no pulp mills, no 
veneer or plywood mills, and only about 4 percent 
of the region’s installed sawmill capacity. In the 
period 1925-33 its cut of logs was only 1 percent 
of that of the region as a whole. Logging and 
lumber manufacture are chiefly limited to pon- 
derosa pine. In the south Umpqua drainage there 
is a tremendous volume of Douglas-fir timber, 
