Ficure 36.—Pulp and paper mill on the Willamette River near Oregon City. 
F347418 
A plentiful supply of raw material, cheap power, and an abun- 
dance of clean water have combined to make pulp and paper manufacture one of the principal industries in the Douglas-fir region 
No. 1 and No. 2 grade) were brought in if they 
would show a profit on the direct cost of logging, 
all overhead charges being allocated to the Douglas- 
fir, Sitka spruce, and ‘‘cedar”’ logs. This procedure 
may continue for some time; but by the end of the 
decade 1943-52, when logging for Douglas-fir, 
spruce, or even high-quality hemlock will have 
shifted to stands in which Douglas-fir is only a minor 
component, western hemlock and balsam firs will 
have to carry the full cost of logging, which 
will tend to increase considerably the prices of logs 
of these species. 
Savings under recently developed methods of 
logging may, however, counteract this tendency to 
some extent. In the hemlock and balsam fir stands 
the opportunities for using lighter equipment—trac- 
tors and trucks—and for practicing selective logging 
will be much greater than they have been in 
stands of large old-growth Douglas-fir. If trees 
are properly selected for cutting, the supply of 
high quality logs will meet the needs of the indus- 
try, as now constituted, for an indefinite period. 
In the Grays Harbor-Willapa Bay district the 
situation as to future supplies of pulpwood is similar 
to that in the Puget Sound district. 
installed pulp-mill capacity the supply of pulp 
species is even greater. 
In relation to 
skill 
In the Columbia River district, pulp mills have 
heretofore obtained raw material in about the 
same manner as in the Puget Sound district; 
but about 43 percent of the region’s installed pulp- 
mill capacity (fig. 36) is in this district, and pro- 
spective supplies of pulp species are therefore smaller 
in comparison with plant capacity than in the 
Puget Sound district. The 1963 stand of 52 bil- 
lion feet, however, will contain a large volume of 
pulp species. ‘There is every reason to believe, also, 
that Columbia River pulp mills will draw some 
material from the southern part of the Grays Har- 
bor-Willapa Bay district 
The capacity of the pulp plants in the Willamette 
River and Oregon coast districts is so small that the 
estimated future inventories are more than ade- 
quate to supply their needs. 
Current annual requirements for pulp total about 
190 million cubic feet.?° This slightly exceeds 
the current annual growth of the pulp species (186 
million cubic feet) but is considerably less than the 
potential growth of these species, estimated at 594 
million cubic feet. For the region as a whole the 
assumed future inventories include sufficient raw 
material for the established pulp mills. 
20 See table 9, p. 39 for data concerning present supplies 
of pulpwood species. 
