14 MISC. PUB. 526, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 
It is not very poisonous to man but may cause discomfort if in- 
haled. It should be stored in tightly closed receptacles to prevent 
the loss of its toxic properties. The commercial product comes 
chiefly from the European species. | 
HOT-WATER TREATMENT 
Immersion of plants, corms, or bulbs in heated water, maintained 
at a constant temperature ranging from 110° to as high as 120° F. 
for the period of treatment, is a method used in the elimination of 
a number of pests, including the gladiolus thrips, aphids, and mealy- 
bugs on gladiolus corms, the larvae of bulb flies and mites in narcissus 
and other bulbs, and the cyclamen mite in crowns and distorted 
growths of some ornamental plants. 
The treatments for these pests vary, and publications dealing with 
each should be consulted for specific recommendations. Small quan- 
tities of bulbs or plants can be treated in a laundry tub or similar 
container, provided that an accurate thermometer is available for 
checking the temperature. In carrying out the treatment, fill the 
vessel three-fourths or more full of water, using sufficient hot water 
to bring the temperature up to the desired point. Submerge the 
plants or bulbs in screen boxes or loose net bags and add hot water | 
to maintain the desired water temperature, as it is lowered by the 
cooling effect of material being treated or by radiation. After the 
bulbs or plants have been warmed to the desired temperature in the 
bath, less additional hot water will be required to maintain the tem- 
perature. If the treatment can be carried out in a warm room and 
the tank kept covered, the temperature will be more easily main- 
tained. During the entire treating process the water should be stirred 
with a paddle frequently enough to maintain a uniform temperature 
throughout the container. Free circulation of the water should not 
be blocked by the treatment of too many plants or bulbs at one time. 
The duration of treatment is calculated from the time the tempera- 
ture is brought up to the desired point after the plant material has 
been placed in the water. 
The treatments required to control some common pests are: 
The cyclamen mite and broad mite, 15 minutes at 110° F., except 20 minutes for 
large clumps of delphinium or gerbera and for trays of loosely placed straw- 
berry plants. 
Bulb mites on tuberoses, narcissus, and other bulbs, 1 hour at 110° F. 
Bulb flies in narcissus and amaryllis, 144 hours at 111° F. 
The grape mealybug on gladiolus corms, 30 minutes at 116° F. 
The gladiolus thrips on gladiolus corms, 30 minutes at 112° F. 
The boxwood leaf miner on boxwood, 5 minutes at 120° F. during late fall and 
early spring. 
HYDRATED LIME 
Hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH).) is a finely divided, 
white powder which can be distributed satisfactorily by dusting ma- 
chines. Since this domestic product is low priced and readily avail- 
able, it is used as a filler or diluent in many insecticidal and fungicidal 
dust mixtures, particularly those containing monohydrated copper sul- 
fate, sulfur, or arsenicals. It is used in making nicotine dusts. Also, 
it acts as a safener in calcium arsenate-water sprays. In recent years 
