THE MOSQUITOES OF THE SOUTHEASTERN STATES 35 



have found the adults in some numbers at Rock Springs, Orange 

 County, near a natural spring having a good flow of clear, cool water, 

 and have taken the larvae in a few other places in Orange and Semi- 

 nole Counties. Larvae and adults have been taken in the vicinity of 

 Gainesville, the larvae occurring there in a seepage outcrop. 



Although this species readily becomes infected with malaria para- 

 sites under experimental conditions, it does not feed extensively on 

 persons under natural conditions, and the epidemiological evidence 

 indicates that it is not an important carrier of the disease. 



The conspicuous white spot on the costa, about two-thirds the 

 distance from the wing base (pi. 5, £7), is the chief recognition char- 

 acter for this species. The palpi are unhanded. In specimens from 

 central Florida the size of the costal spot is usually reduced con- 

 siderably, and in some individuals the wing may be almost entirely 

 dark-scaled. This variation has also been observed occasionally in 

 other areas and is possibly the form described as A. perplexens 

 (Mount Gretna, Pa.). Larval specimens from Florida usually have 

 single, instead of double, antepalmate hairs. 



ANOPHELES PSEUDOPUNCTIPENNIS Theob. 



(Syn., A. franciscanus McC.) 



Anopheles pseudopunctipennis occurs in the Southwestern States 

 and in tropical America. It has been recorded by Dyar from Ten- 

 nessee, and the writers have two records for Louisiana (Mound, Feb- 

 ruary 1914, D. L. Van Dine ; and New Orleans, December 1917, W. V. 

 King). In general appearance it resembles A. punctipennis, but the 

 palpi are ringed and the wing pattern (pi. 5, D) is different. 



ANOPHELES ATROPOS D. and K. 



Little is known of the habits of this species, which breeds in the 

 salt water of coastal marshes. In southern Louisiana and Mississippi 

 adult females have been taken while biting in the open during the 

 day, even in direct sunlight (11, 51, 58). In Florida the adults were 

 encountered on one occasion (December 1937) during the day on an 

 open marsh near New Smyrna. They were found in large numbers 

 after dark on Lostmans River, on the extreme southwestern coast of 

 the State (March 1936), and at Sebastian Inlet on the eastern coast 

 (May 1937). A few adults have been taken in light traps on the 

 Atlantic coast in southern Florida, and larvae have been obtained 

 at various places in the State and at Parris Island, S. C. The species 

 has been recorded as far north as Maryland. 



Larvae were taken by Griffitts (51) in water ranging from 3 to 12 

 percent "salinity" (about 0.8 to 3.4 percent salt), by Hinman (58) 

 in water containing 0.8 and 1.85 percent salt, and by the writers, in 

 Florida, in water with a salt content ranging from about 0.40 to 

 3.50 percent. The largest numbers taken by the writers have been 

 in water containing more than 1 percent of salt. Although the lar- 

 vae of atropos and the coastal variety of crucians have occasionally 

 been taken together, the latter has usually been found in water of 

 a lower salt content. 



Anopheles atropos has been infected experimentally with malaria 

 parasites (97), but it is of doubtful importance as a transmitter of 

 the disease. 



