96 MISC. PUBLICATION 4 3 4, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 



Lifting of the stock can be done either by hand or with the type of 

 tree lifter which removes an entire bed at one time. This lifter is 

 generally pulled by means of a cable which is wound up on a drum 

 attached to a tractor set at the end of the bed. 



Various methods of shading beds are available. A satisfactory 

 method is to place the slats at a height of 12 to 18 inches above the 

 beds, on two lengths of No. 9 galvanized wire. The wires, on each side 

 of the bed, are about 40 inches apart, held up by intermediate stakes 

 and crosspieces or light wooden horses straddling the bed 12 feet apart, 

 and are tightened by turnbuckles. Snow fence is generally preferred 



Figure 32. — Snow fence stretched on longitudinal wires supported at 12-foot 

 intervals by crosspieces joining stout stakes. The fence is shading small lilac 

 seedlings grown in beds at Fremont, Nebr. 



to lath frames for shading (fig. 32). If a large quantity is needed it 

 may pay the nurseryman to make it up at the nursery instead of pur- 

 chasing it. 



Some form of sprinkling system must be resorted to for irrigation of 

 stock grown in 4-foot-wide beds, since furrow irrigation is usually not 

 practical. If water is available under pressure and less than an acre is 

 in beds, garden hose and lawn sprinklers will be sufficient. For larger 

 areas recourse must be had to stationary or movable overhead 

 sprinklers. 



Transplanting 



Species grown in seedbeds are always transplanted after one season 

 to allow more room for growth and to produce a better root system. 

 The seedlings are lifted in the spring, and after being sorted to discard 

 the usual 10 or 15 percent of culls, the plants are root-pruned to a 

 length of 6 inches and taken to transplant shelters. These shelters 

 are light, portable frames covered with canvas or burlap, and are kept 

 within 30 to 60 feet of the transplant trenches to reduce waste motion. 

 Under the shelters the seedlings are threaded into a wood or aluminum 

 transplant board 8 feet long and holding 48 trees spaced 2 inches apart. 



