AN ANNOTATED LIST OF GENERIC NAMES OF THE COCCOIDEA 165 



Pseudococcs Takahashi, 1958, Univ. Osaka (Prefecture) Bui. (ser. 

 B) (1957) 7:3. 



A lapsus for Pseudococcus Westwood. 



Pseudo-Coccus Westwood, 1840, An Introduction to the Modern 

 Classification of Insects 2 : 448. 



This spelling also appeared in Westwood, 1845, Arcana Entomologica 1 : 21, as 

 Pseudo-coccus. 



Pseudococcus Westwood, 1840, An Introduction to the Modern Class- 

 ification of Insects 2 : 448, appendix 118. 



type-species : Coccus adonidum Linnaeus, 1767 (longispinus Targioni- 

 Tozzetti, 1868), by subsequent designation of Fernald, 1903b: 96. 



The position of Pseudococcus as a valid generic name in the Coccoidea is 

 exceedingly insecure. Westwood (p. 448) definitely associated "the cochineal 

 insect of Mexico, Coccus cacti Linn.," with his generic name "Pseudo-Coccus," 

 mentioning no other species, but in the generic synopsis in the appendix (p. 118), 

 listed "Pseudococcus Westw. (C. adonidum, Cacti, etc.)." Since Dactylopius 

 had been used in 1835 by Costa for the cochineal insect, Pseudococcus was a 

 synonym of that name. In 1875 Signoret published an entirely different concept 

 of Pseudococcus, using it for mealybug species which Cockerell, 1893ee : 317, 

 placed in Phenacoccus, and assigning to Dactylopius, not the cochineal insect, 

 but a group of mealybugs of the type of adonidum Linnaeus. This practice was 

 followed in coccid literature for 25 years. The Fernald Catalogue, 1903b : 96, 

 changed the picture by presenting Pseudococcus Westwood, with type-species 

 longispinus Targioni-Tozzetti (adonidum Linnaeus) for the mealybug species 

 that Signoret had placed in Dactylopius, and Phenacoccus Cockerell for the spe- 

 cies Signoret had placed in Pseudococcus. Kirkaldy, 1904a : 227, 258, pointed 

 out that Pseudococcus, as a synonym of Dactylopius and referring to only the 

 cochineal insect of Mexico, should be replaced by Trechocorys Curtis, 1843. 

 However, coccid workers have ignored Kirkaldy's decision, and have followed 

 the usage of the Fernald Catalogue. Laing, 1944 : 93, and Ferris, 1950b : 170-171, 

 while recognizing and discussing this anomalous situation, continued to use 

 the name Pseudococcus. Strict adherence to the rules of nomenclature would 

 require its rejection, but the fact that Pseudococcus, with adonidum as type- 

 species, has been used for 45 years for a group of mealybugs, with a large amount 

 of literature built up around it, suggests the desirability of an arbitrary de- 

 cision to make its continued use valid. 



Pseudococus Dunham, 1954 [Bahia] Bol. Inst. Biol. 1 : 68, 72. 



A lapsus for Pseudococcus Westwood. This spelling also appeared in Jus- 

 caf resa 1961, El Cultivador Moderno 44 : 96. 



Pseudodaulacaspis Laffoon, 1961, Ent. Soc. America Bui. 6: 191. 

 A lapsus for Pseudaulacaspis MacGillivray. Corrected in I.e. 7 : 93. 



