116. Fincher, G. T., R. Davis, and T. B. Stewart. 1971. Flight 



activity of coprophagous beetles on a swine pasture. Ann. 

 Entomol. Soc. Am. 64(4): 855-860. 



117. Fordham, W. J. 1945. A preliminary list of the Diptera of 



Northumberland and Durham (excluding the Cecidomyidae). 

 Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Northumberl. Durham Newcastle-Upon- 

 Tyne (New Ser.) 7: 197-265. 



Haematobia (=Haematobosca) stirnulans was included in the 

 Diptera list. 



118. Frey, R. 1924. Diptera Brachycera. In Dampf, A. Zur Kenntnis 



der estlandischen Hochmoorfauna. Sitzungsberichte Naturfor- 

 scher-Gesellschaft Universitat Dorpat 31: 55. 



Haematobia (=Haematobosca) stirnulans was listed. 



119. Gamal-Eddin, F. M. 1968. Field studies on the biting cycle of 



two bloodsucking flies (Siphona irritans and Musca crassirostris) 

 in Egypt. J. Egypt Vet. Med. Assoc. 28(1/2) : 83-91. 



On cattle, H. i. irritans has two peaks of biting activity during 

 the different seasons — during spring and summer the afternoon 

 peaks were slightly higher than the morning peaks; the reverse 

 was true during late autumn and winter. On donkeys, only one 

 peak of biting activity was noted (in the morning). 



120. 1971a. Field and laboratory studies on the life cycle of 



the blood-sucking, ectoparasitic fly Siphona irritans, Lin. in 

 Egypt (Diptera: Muscidae). J. Egypt. Vet. Med. Assoc. 

 31(3/4): 243-250. 



Oviposition lasted an average of 9.5 days at 30° C and 13 

 days at 25° C. At natural temperatures, the average number of 

 eggs deposited was at its lowest (20) for the year in October 

 and rose gradually to a maximum of 125 in May, after which 

 it again declined. At constant temperatures of 20° and 30° C, 

 an average of 74.3 and 142.5 eggs were deposited respectively. 



121. 1971b. Studies on the behavior of the blood-sucking fly 



Siphona irritans Lin. towards some environmental factors, to 

 pave the way for proper control. A. The adult stage. (2). Re- 

 actions to temperature. J. Egypt. Vet. Med. Assoc. 31(3/4): 

 251-262. 



Lab studies showed that in choice-chamber experiments, H. 

 i. irritans exhibited a preference for temperatures between 20° 

 and 35° C. Preconditioning had no effect on the subsequent be- 

 havior of the flies. 



122. 1972a. Field and laboratory studies on the life cycle of 



the blood-sucking ectoparasitic fly Siphona irritans, Lin. in 

 Egypt. (2) The egg stage. J. Egypt. Vet. Med. Assoc. 32 (1/2) : 

 45-53. 



12 



