8 



MISC. PUBLICATION 7 02, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 



Northeastern States. Horses and mules got only around 400 pounds of 

 concentrates in the West as compared with nearly six times this quan- 

 tity in Southern States. In general, Western States tended to make as 

 full use as possible of their high-quality legume hays that are largely 

 produced under irrigation, reducing concentrate feeding in the process. 

 In areas in which concentrate feeds are produced in quantity, they 

 tended to assume greater importance in the livestock ration. 



Table 4. — Percentage of the total units of each kind of feed that was 

 utilized by different classes of livestock, United States, average 

 1942-46 



Item 



Hogs 



Poul- 

 try 



Dairy 

 cattle 



Beef 



cattle 



Sheep 



Horses 

 and 



mules 



Other 

 live- 

 stock J 



Total 



Concentrates: 



All grain fed 2 



Commercial byproducts 3 

 Other 4 _ _ 



Per- 

 cent 



42. 7 

 14. 9 

 46. 7 



Per- 

 cent 



22.3 

 35. 2 

 12. 1 



Per- 

 cent 



13. 6 

 36.5 

 34. 6 



Per- 

 cent 



9. 1 



6. 7 

 6. 6 



Per- 

 cent 



1. 

 .9 



Per- 

 cent 



8. 6 

 . 4 



Per- 

 cent 



2.7 

 5.4 



Per- 

 cent 



100 

 100 

 100 













Total 



38.3 



24. 1 



18. 2 



8.6 



1. 



6. 8 



3.0 



100 



Roughage: 



Hay 5 _ _ 







53. 2 

 34.3 



60. 6 



19. 

 37. 

 30. 8 



5.7 



16. 5 



4. 3 



20. 5 

 9. 2 

 4.3 



1. 6 



100 



Pasture 6 



Other 7 .- _ 



1. 4 



1. 6 



100 

 100 











Total 



.8 



1.0 



42. 1 



31.3 



12. 3 



12. 



.5 



100 



Total feed 



17. 8 



11.4 



31.3 



21. 



7.2 



9.7 



1. 6 



100 







1 Livestock in cities and farm livestock for which there are no statistics such as 

 ducks, geese, guineas, pigeons, etc. 



2 Corn, excluding that in silage, barley, oats, sorghum grains, wheat, and rye. 



3 Oilseed meals, animal proteins, corn "byproducts, grain millfeeds, alfalfa meal, 

 brewers' and distillers' dried grains, etc. 



4 Velvet beans, cowpeas, soybeans, peanuts, cottonseed, etc., fed or grazed; 

 skim milk, buttermilk and whey fed on farms (dry equivalent). 



5 All tame and wild hay. 



6 Based largely on estimates of numbers of livestock on hand Jan. 1 and esti- 

 mates of pasture condition. 



7 Corn and sorghum silage, wet beet pulp, sorghum forage, and an estimate for 

 corn stover. 



L'npublished data, Bureau of Agricultural Economics, R. D. Jennings. 



Although there is latitude for substitution between feeds, much 

 remains to be done to establish levels of production to be obtained 

 from rations carrying different proportions of feeds. Further work 

 is needed, both to determine the technical possibilities and to ap- 

 praise their effects on farm profits. 



A REPORT OF PROGRESS 



Work on the reconnaissance phase of this project got under way 

 in October of 1947. Three full-time professional men — one each 

 for the Northern, the Southern, and the Western States did the re- 



