INDEX TO THE PACIFIC ISLANDS. 



75 



Hawaiian Group. Called by Cook Sandwich islands in honor of his patron the 

 Earl of Sandwich, a cordial hater of Americans. The group was discovered by 

 the Spaniard Juan de Gaetano in 1555, and again by Cook January 18, 1778. 

 They were annexed to the United States July 7, 1898.* The group consists of 

 eight principal islands and a long range of uninhabited rocks extending many de- 

 grees to the northwest. Perhaps more books have been written about the Hawaiian 

 islands than about any other group in the Pacific. The Geology has been pub- 

 lished bv Dana, the present writer and others; the Botany by Mann and Hille- 

 brand ; the Ornithology by Wilson, Rothschild, Dole and Bryan ; the Bntomology 

 bv Perkins and others; Herpetology by Stejneger. Other departments of Nat- 

 ural History have not been adequately studied. Historical books, apart from the 

 Yovages, are by Dibble, Bingham, Fornander and Alexander. A grammar of the 

 language and a dictionary were published by Andrews, and the translation of the 

 Bible bv the American missionaries preserves the Hawaiian language in its purity, 

 while in common use it has become verj* corrupt. A ver} T competent government 

 survey, under the charge of Professor \V. D. Alexander, has measured and mapped 

 the topography. In 1898 the imports amounted to $10,368,815.09; the exports, 

 517,346,744.79; Custom House receipts, $896,975.70. 



HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 



area in Square Mtl.es. 



Hawaii 



Hani 



nahn 



Kanai 



Molokai 



Lanai 



Xiihan 



Kahoolawe. 



4,015 

 728 



0011 

 540 

 26] 

 135 



'.IT 

 69 



2,570,000 



406,000 



384.000 



348,000 



167,000 



86,000 



02,000 



44,000 



Height in Feet. 



I'uri 



LATIOK IN 1806. 



13,825 



1 



33,285 



10.032 





17,720 



4,080 





40,205 



4,800 





15,225 



4,9fix 





2,307 



3,400 





106 



800 





164 



1,427 







Kanla. Lehua, Xihoa. Necker, French Frigates, Gardiner, La.vsan. Lisiansky, Midway, and Ocean arc rocks, uninhabited save by the fercr 

 naturte. 



Haweis, see v Elato of the Caroline islands. 



Hawkesbury, islet in Torres strait. io° 22' S., 142° 07' E. 



Hayman, northwest of Hook on the Australian coast. 20 03' s., 148 56' e. 



Hayter, see Sariba on the New Guinea coast. 



Head, high, wooded island in China strait. io° 34' 35" s., 150° 44' 40" E. 



Heath, 200 ft. high, off the coast of New Britain. 4 51' s., 15 1° 32' E. 



Heath, see Rogeia, New Guinea. 



Height, see Hemeni of the Marquesas. 



Hemenahei, or Flat is the easternmost of the Calvados chain in the Louisiade archi- 

 pelago; 2.5 m. k-w. by 1.2 m.: cultivated, but not inhabited because considered 

 unhealthy. n° u' s., 153° 05' K. 



Henderson, or Elisabeth of the Paumotu archipelago, was discovered by a boat's crew 

 from the whaler Essex, in 1820, and named for Captain Henderson ; 5 m. by 2.5 m., 

 80 ft. high ; of raised coral, much undermined by waves. Cliffs are perpendicular, 

 except on the north side. Uninhabited. 24° 25' S., 128° 19' w. 



*June 14, 1898, the Newlands annexation resolution passed the House of Representatives : July 6th the Senate confirmed the same ; July 

 ;th the President signed the joint resolution : August 12th the United States flag was raised, and President Dole transferred the jurisdiction 

 to the United States : but it was June 14. igoo, when annexation went fully into effect. 



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