ae ere aes \\ Some 
Rangeland: Integrated Plant and Animal Communities 
Wild animals, too, are a source of interest and beauty. To some 
people the ultimate in outdoors enjoyment is viewing a deer or elk in 
its native habitat, or a coyote slinking across an opening in the 
chaparral. To others it is the sight of a gracefully soaring hawk or 
the song of an unseen bird. Enjoyment of wildlife, however, is 
heightened if it is recognized as an intrinsic part of a landscape 
where all living creatures are part of the biotic community. Knowl- 
edge of this community’s operations—interaction, competition, and 
dependence among its many plant and animal components—leads 
to keener appreciation and consequently to fuller enjoyment. 
Wise use of the range allows for the production and periodic 
harvesting of livestock and game. Since cattle and sheep compete 
directly with elk and deer, as well as with the smaller herbivores, 
range managers must control the number of animals to assure suffi- 
cient forage for both livestock and wildlife without undue damage 
to range vegetation and soil. 
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