BEE MANUAL. 63 
copulation was necessary, but that some gaseous emanations 
from the body of the drone produced fecundation by pene- 
trating the body of the queen. About a hundred years later 
great advances were made in the knowledge of the physiology 
of the bee. It is said that Jansha, apiarist to the Empress 
Maria Theresa of Austria, discovered the fact that young 
queens have to leave the hive to meet the drones ; but it is to 
the labours of Huber in 1787 and following years, and com- 
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Fig. 18.—OVARIES OF QUEEN, 
municated in his letters addressed to Bonnet in the years 1789 
to 1791, that we owe the first knowledge of the following main 
facts:—l. That the queen bee is truly oviparous; that what 
she deposits is a true egg, which takes three days to produce 
a living maggot or larva—(even the great Bonnet was inclined 
up to that time to believe that a minute worm, and not an egg, 
was produced by the queen). 2. That the queen must be 
impregnated by the drone in order to become fertile. 3. That 
