126 AUSTRALASIAN 
uprights, The two parts of the framework are held parallel 
to each other six inches apart by two spreaders eight inches 
long of Gin. by lin. stuff let in flush in the upper horizontal 
pieces between the uprights, as shown in engraving ; these 
spreaders form part of the platform. Similar spreaders can 
be nailed across the lower horizontal pieces. Two gin. iron 
bolts run through the double part of horizontal and upright 
pieces with a nut and screw hold all firmly together. The 
uprights and horizontal pieces should be exactly at right 
angles to each other. If made correctly, when the frame is 
standing erect, the platform formed by the 4in. by 3in. pieces 
should be exactly the width of a hive (16in.) below the upper 
end of uprights. 
The next things required are the two jaws, one stationary 
and the other movable. ‘To make the stationary jaw, one pair 
of the uprights is made use of. To these are screwed two 
pieces of 14in. square, one at the top and one close down to 
the platform. If thought necessary a stay may extend from 
the back of each upright to the ends of the horizontal pieces. 
For the movable jaw a piece of 9in. by 2in. sixteen inches long 
is required. A carpenter’s wooden bench screw is made to 
work between the other pair of uprights by fastening the 
screw-block between them. The end of the screw is now 
fastened to the movable jaw in the usual manner. To steady 
the jaw when screwing up, a short piece of inch board is 
nailed on the bottom of it, which slides between fillets nailed on 
each horizontal piece ; this forms the cramp. When working 
it, one side of the hive is placed on the platform between the 
jaws; the two ends are then put in their proper position, 
and the remaining side; we have now only to give the screw 
a turn and all the parts of the hive are cramped together close 
and held firm and square while nailing them. When one side 
is nailed the screw is loosened, the hive turned over, and the 
other side is nailed in the same manner. The cramp is also 
useful for putting the ends and sides of the covers together, 
and for many other purposes; in fact it is one of the most 
convenient appliances a bee-keeper can have in his workshop. 
It is easily constructed, and if made by a carpenter should not 
cost more than 30s. ; 
A simple form of cramp may be made of timber Qin. 
square. Cut two pieces 244in. long and two pieces 20}in. 
