BEE MANUAL. 141 
our cases, all worked on the tiering up plan. I used separators of 
both tin and wood, about 1,800 of wood and 300 of tin.” 
In his report of the trial to Gleanings of May 15th, 1885, he 
sums up the results as follows :— 
“1, My case is the best style of surplus receptacle I know of to wse 
without separators, and admits of no improvement by me. 2. I would 
rather abandon separators altogether than use them in two-story 
supers. 3. I do not think there is any system of using separators equal 
to the wide frame when used one story high. 4. I would use no system 
of surplusage (either for comb or extracted honey) that did not give me 
the advantage of tiering up. 5. I prefer tin to wooden separators. 
6. There are many advantages in the use of separators, and many in 
the non-use of them, and each person must be governed by his own 
special circumstances. 7. Their use or non-use need not affect the 
quantity of surplus secured. I mean to continue the use of separators, 
and I am now perfecting a different style of super, which I think will 
aid us greatly in their quick and easy manipulation as well as their 
usefulness.” 
Mr. Heddon’s opinions, as above quoted, are worth noting, 
and with the exception of the seventh clause I quite agree with 
them. I feel convinced that separators are a hindrance to the 
bees entering the supers in the early part of the season, and 
also to the rapid fillmg of the sections at all times. I see no 
reason to doubt that the Heddon section case is better than 
frames for use with narrow sections without separators. Pro- 
fessor Cook and others speak very highly of it. I will first 
give some explanation regarding an appliance used with the 
section case, and then show how this and a case may be made 
adaptable to the Langstroth hive. 
HONEY-BOARDS. 
These are appliances to be placed on top of the frames of 
the lower hive when putting on a super, and between every 
two supers when more than one are required on a hive. They 
are used for the purpose of preventing the building of comb 
between the upper and lower frames. Every bee-keeper who 
has had frame hives in use even for a short time will have 
experienced the nuisance of having the lower part of the frames 
of a super fastened to the upper part of those in the lower 
hive ; I have tried several means to prevent it, such as greasing 
the frames, and allowing but the smallest bee-space between 
