BEE MANUAL. 261 
with such an appearance as is seen in Fig. 120; fat globules are 
numerous, while blood-discs abound, and everywhere may be noticed 
tiny particles which are constantly slowly dancing with what are called 
Brownian movements. But if a speck of coffee-coloured, foul broody 
matter be similarly treated, we find neither fat globules, blood discs, 
nor molecular base, but observe the field crowded with very small ovoid . 
bodies, as we have them represented in Fig. 121. These are the 
micrococci of Schonfield ; but if this substance be stained according 
to the modern plan of Weigert and Koch, and then carefully examined, 
in all probability we shall discover, associated with the ovoid bodies, a 
hop SY Qs 
Os MZ a 
a,Pa 
we o's A 
Fig, 121_-BACILLUS ALVEI 
OF LARVA, (last stage), 
very few other organisms, longer and rod-shaped, while we notice that 
the so-called micrococci are neither round nor dumb-bell like, but oval 
or boat-shaped. This led me at once to suspect an error, and further 
searching showed me if, instead of coffee-coloured matter, such as 
that usually sent for microscopic examination, the body of a grub, dead, 
but in a fresher condition, were taken, the number of the rod-like 
bodies very considerably increased, while that of the ovoid ones dimi- 
nished, as seen in Fig. 122. My own inoculated stock—inoculated for 
experimental purposes—was cured, and gave me no material ; but soon 
I obtained a comb from a suffering hive, and then had the opportunity 
of expressing the juices from a death-stricken larva. These, when 
examined under a power of 600 diameters, and carefully illuminated, 
were seen, to my great delight, to be full of active rods, swimming 
backwards and forwards, and worming their way between the degene- 
rate blood discs and fat globules, as represented in Fig. 122, while here 
and there were long strings of them, the lepothrix form previously 
referred to.” 
As to the means by which the disease is propagated, Mr. 
Cheshire has no hesitation in saying— 
“That the popular idea that honey is the means by which it is 
carried from hive to hive, and that mainly through robbing, is so far 
