STATES OF INSECTS. 123 



substance to be masticated. In a figure given by Reau- 

 mur of the under side of the head of another lepidopte- 

 rous larva (Ermine® Pomonella), the maxillae consist of 

 a single joint, and appear to be crowned by chelate pal- 

 pi a : a circumstance which is also observable in that of a 

 common species of stag-beetle (Lucanas parallelipipedus\ 

 the weevil of the water-hemlock (Lixus paraplecticus h \ 

 and other insects. In general the maxilla? of larvae are 

 without the lobe or lobes discoverable in those of most 

 perfect insects, this part being usually represented by a 

 kind of nipple, or palpiform jointed process, strictly ana- 

 logous to the interior maxillary palpi of the predaceous 

 coleoptera; but in most of the lamellicorn beetles the 

 lobe exists in its proper form e , as it does likewise in that 

 of the capricorn-beetle before noticed (Callidium viola- 

 ceu?n d ). In the former instance, it is armed with spines or 

 claws; but in the latter it is unarmed, and rounded at the 

 end. In the larva of Cicindela campedris^ the base of the 

 maxilla runs in a transverse direction from the mentum, 

 to which, as is usually the case, it is attached. From this 

 at right angles proceeds the lobe, from the outer side of 

 which the feeler emerges; and the inner part terminates 

 in an unguiform joint, ending in two or three bristles. 

 The structure in the larvae of water-beetles (Dytiscus'L.) 

 is different, for they appear to be without maxillae e ; but 

 the case really seems to be, that these organs are repre- 

 sented by the first joint of what M. Cuvier calls their 

 palpi f ; from which proceed the real palpi, the interior 



a Reaum. ii. t. 40./. 4. l ' De Gccr v. 229. 



c Ibid. iv. t. xi.f. lb', pp. d Linn. Trans, v. t. xu.f. 10. 



e Cuvier Anat. Camp. iii. 323. 



' De Geer iv. /. xv.f. 9. b h. The exterior and interior palpi arc 

 both represented in this figure. 



