LETTER XXXI. 



STATES OF INSECTS. 



PUPA STATE. 



W E have now traced our little animals through their 

 egg and larva states, and have arrived at the third stage 

 of their existence, the Pupa State. This, to include all, 

 can only be defined, — that state intervening between the 

 larva and imago, in which the parts and organs of the 

 perfect insect, particularly those of sex, though in few 

 cases fully developed, are prepared and fitted for their 

 final and complete development in the last-mentioned 

 state ; and in which the majority of these animals are 

 incapable of locomotion, or of taking food. 



Pupae, like larvae, may be separated into two great di- 

 visions : — 



I. Those which, in general form, more or less resem- 

 ble the larvae from which they have proceeded. 

 II. Those which are wholly unlike the larvae from 

 which they have proceeded. 



I. To the first division belong, with some exceptions a , 



a In the Hemiptera the male Cocci (Reaum. iv. 32.) and Aleyrodes 

 (Ibid. ii. 311.) belong to the second division. 



