250 STATES OF INSECTS. 



tennse-cases (Cera-theca); and before from the middle, 

 the tongue-case ( Glosso-theca). Just below the base of the 

 antennae-case you may discern the eye-cases (Ophthalmo- 

 theca), surrounded on their inner side by a crescent- 

 shaped laevigated piece, which may perhaps transmit 

 some light to the inclosed prisoner. 



2. The Trunk-case, divided into the thorax, or upper 

 surface, extending from the head to the dorsal segments of 

 the abdomen, and consisting of three pieces, answering to 

 the prothorax, mesothorax, and metathorax of the perfect 

 insect : the first answering to the prothorax small, the 

 second covering the mesothorax very large, and the two 

 next representing the metathorax, at first appearing to 

 belong to the abdomen, but having no spiracle ; and the 

 breast (pectus) or under-surface reaching from the head 

 to the ventral abdominal segments, from which proceed 

 the wing-cases (Ptero-theca) and leg-cases (Podo-theca), 

 which organs, with the antenna-cases and tongue-case, 

 entirely cover, or rather form, the breast. The arrange- 

 ment of the whole is as follows : — The wing-cases, which 

 are more or less triangular, and exhibit the larger ner- 

 vines of the wings, are a lateral continuation of the me- 

 sothorax, which turn downwards from the sides of the 

 breast, and cover, or replace, the three first ventral seg- 

 ments of the abdomen. The antenna-cases, united to the 

 anterior portion of the head just behind the eye-cases, 

 repose immediately next to those of the wings running 

 parallel with their inner margin. Then follow the legs, 

 the tibiae forming an angle with the thigh, and the case 

 of the anterior pair being innermost, and representing the 

 breast-bone in the pupa. The tongue lies over the fore- 



