270 STATES OF INSECTS. 



the ao-e of those pupae which are produced from larvae 

 that spin cocoons. 



v. I have not much to say with regard to the sex of 

 pupae. The male is probably to be distinguished from 

 the female by being smaller ; but in the first great divi- 

 sion of pupae, those which resemble the larvae, and are 

 locomotive, the female in numerous cases may be known 

 by the Ovipositor, or instrument for depositing her eggs 

 in their proper station : and the male also has his anal 

 instruments. Sometimes in this state the animal is so 

 matured, as to be capable of continuing its kind. I have 

 found the pupae both of a Gryllus L. and of a Cimex L. 

 in coitu. 



vi. Though the pupae of the second great division are 

 usually not locomotive, yet I must not omit some notice 

 of their motions. As the legs of insects in this state are 

 folded within a common or partial integument, of course 

 none of the pupae now under consideration, with the ex- 

 ception of those of the Trichoptera order, can walk : co- 

 arctate ones are even incapable of the slightest motion, 

 and exhibit no symptom whatever of animation. Some 

 of those that are termed incomplete, however, and most 

 chrysalises, have the power of communicating to their 

 bodies a slight movement, extending more or less in dif- 

 ferent species, which is effected by the abdominal seg- 

 ments solely. The latter, during the first twelve hours 

 of being pupae, when their skin is soft, frequently turn 



cocoon intended to shelter the future chrysalis; since Lyonnet in- 

 forms us that they spin a habitation to pass the winter in. Traite 

 Anatomique, &c. 9. 



