STATES OF INSECTS. 311 



Again, it varies in its teeth or branches. In Dynastes 

 Hercules it is armed with several teeth. In D. Elephas 

 and ActdEon it has only one large one at its upper base a . 

 In D. Milon it is serrated above. In D. Alcides, Tityus, 

 JEgeon, Copris lunaris, Sec. the horn is unarmed and sim- 

 ple at the apex. In D. Oromedon, Gedeon, Enema, 

 Actceon and congeners, it is bifid. In some the horn is 

 at first a broad lamina or ridge, which terminates in two 

 branches, as in Onthophagus Vacca. In this the branches 

 are straight; but in another undescribed species in my 

 cabinet (O. Aries Kirby, MS.) they are first bent in- 

 wards, and then at the apex a little recurved : and in 

 D. dichotomies it is divided into two short branches, each 

 of which is bifid b . Other males emulate the bull, the 

 he-goat, or the stag, in having a pair of horns on their 

 head. In Onthophagus Taurus, these arms in their curva- 

 ture exactly resemble those of the first of these animals c . 

 In Goliathus pidverulentus, the straight, robust, diverging, 

 sharp horns are not unlike those of some of the goat or 

 gazel tribe. I have a beautiful little specimen in my ca- 

 binet, (I believe collected by Mr. Abbott of George,) in 

 which the horns have a lateral tooth, or short branch, 

 like those of a stag ; and which I have therefore named 

 O. cervicornis. In O. Vacca, Camelus, &c. the horns are 

 very short, and nearly perpendicular. In the male of 



a As Dynastes Action, Elephas, TypJwn, &c differ from D. Her- 

 cules, &c, not only in their general habits, horns, &c, but also in 

 their maxillae and labium, — the former in D. Actaeon being simple, 

 and in D. Hercules toothed, and the labium of the first bilobed at 

 the apex, and in the last entire and acute, — according to the modern 

 system they ought, therefore, to be considered as distinct genera. 

 I would restrict the name Dynastes to D. Hercules and its affinities: 

 D. Actcson, &c. I would call Megasoma. 



b Oliv. Scarabccus, t. xvii./. 156'. c Ibid. t. viii./. fio. 



