374 EXTERNAL ANATOMY OF INSECTS. 



B Membrana (the Membrane). The membranous part 

 of the same a . 



e Al.e Superiores vel Primarle (the Upper ox Pri- 

 mary Wings). The upper or anterior organs of 

 flight when formed of membrane, or of the same 

 substance with the under-wings b . They include 

 the Axes, Area, Areola, Neurce, Stigma, Parastigma, 

 and Lobuli. 



A Axes (the Axes). Several osseous or horny pieces, 

 by which the wing is connected with the Dorsolum c . 

 One usually to each area. 



B Are^e (the Areas). The larger longitudinal spaces 

 into which the wing may be divided d . They in- 

 clude the Area Costalis, Intermedia, and Analis. 



a Area Costalis (the Costal Area). That part of the 

 wing lying between the anterior margin and the 

 post-costal nervure e . In Hymenoptera and Di- 

 plera it includes all the space bounded by the ner- 

 vures that spring from the postcostal. 



b Area Intermedia (the Intermediate Area). That 

 part of the wing lying between the costal area and 

 the interno-medial nervure, in Dipt era ; or the 

 Anal in Orthoptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, &c. f 



c Area Analis (the Anal Area). All that part of the 

 wing which in Diplera lies between the interno- 



a Plate X. Fig. 3. g". 



'' Ibid. Fig. 5—9, 11-15. and Plate XXVIII. Fig. 18. 



« Ibid. //", 



d N.B. In the Plate the Costal Area is red, the Intermediate white, 

 and the Anal yellow. When the Hemelytra are considered as divided 

 into Areas, the Membrana might be denominated the Apical Area. 



e Plats X. Fig. % 3, b\ f Ibid. c\ 



