4 TO EXTERNAL ANATOMY OF INSECTS. 



ment of the upper-lip (labrum) a . On each side of the 

 outer base of the antlia is another small immoveable 

 piece, resembling a flattened tubercle, the end of which 

 is internally hairy or scaly: these pieces appear to repre- 

 sent the mandibles, b . Near the base of each half of the 

 antlia, just below a sinus, may be distinctly seen the mi- 

 nute, usually Particulate rudiment of a maxillary pal- 

 pus' 1 ; demonstrating to a certainty that these spiral or- 

 gans, at least their lateral tubes or Solenaria, are real 

 maxillae d . The rudiment of the under-lip {Labium) is 

 the almost horny triangular piece united by membrane 

 to the two stalks of the maxillae, and supporting at its 

 base the recurved labial palpi ; which are so well known 

 that I need not enlarge upon them e . Amongst these 

 parts there seems at first sight no representative of the 

 tongue ; but M. Latreille has advanced some very inge- 

 nious, and I think satisfactory arguments f , which go to 

 prove that this part, at least the tongue of Hymenop>tera 9 

 has its analogue in the intermediate tube or Fistula 

 formed by the union of the two maxillae, and which con- 

 veys the fluid aliment of this Order to the pharynx. As 

 in Dipt era the maxillce sometimes merge in the labium, 

 so here the tongue (as it were divided longitudinally) 

 merges in the maxillce. He further observes, that in a 

 transverse section of the maxilla of the death's-head 

 hawk-moth {Sphinx Atropos), the lateral tube appeared 



a Plate VI. Fig. 13. a'. Savigny Anim. sans Vertebr. I. i. 3- 

 i. i.— iii. a. b Ibid. i. Plate VI. Fig. 13. c'. 



c Ibid. Fig. 13. h". Savigny ubi supr. o. 

 d Plate VI. Fig. 13. a". Savigny ubi supr. t. 1 — 3. o. 

 c Ibid. o. Plate VI. Fig. 13. b'. 

 * A 7 ". Diet. cUHist. Nat. xvii. 467„ 



