666 EXTERNAL ANATOMY OF INSECTS. 



tion approaches ball and socket. In most of the other 

 Orders, the Hymenoptera excepted, there is little or no 

 inosculation, the trochanter being simply suspended by 

 ligament to the coxa as well as to the thigh ; its connec- 

 tion with the latter is similar in Coleoptera ; but in Ci- 

 cindela, &c, it inosculates in it. The part we are con- 

 sidering varies in its position with respect to the thigh : 

 in the hind-legs of Carabus, &c, it forms a lateral ful- 

 crum on the inner side of that part, and does not inter- 

 vene between its base and the coxa ; the muscles from 

 the latter entering the former, not at the bottom of the 

 base, but at its side : but in the four anterior legs it 

 forms their base, as it does in all the legs in Apion, and 

 in all the Orders except the Coleoptera, cutting them en- 

 tirely off from contact with the coxa: in the Lamellicorns 

 they cut off part of the base obliquely, but so as to per- 

 mit their coming in contact with the condyle of the coxa, 

 as before mentioned. In the Ichneumonidce and some 

 other Hymenoptera the trochanter appears to consist of 

 two joints particularly visible in the posterior legs a . 



As to size in general, — the part in question is smaller 

 than the coxa ; but in Notonecta it is larger, and in the 

 dog-tick (Ixodes Ricinus) longer than that joint. It ex- 

 hibits few variations in its shape or appendages worthy 

 of particular notice. In general, in the Coleoptera it is 

 triangular or trigonal ; but in Carabus L., in the hind- 

 leg it is oblong or rather kidney-shaped ; in that of Ne- 

 crophorus h it terminates in one or two teeth or spines, 

 varying in length in the different species : in the other 

 Orders it is not remarkable in this respect. 



a Plate XXVII. Fig. 20. q". i» Ibid. Fig. 28. 



